Third 50

Question 1

The fall time constant is also called…?

Answer 1

Signal decay

Question 2

A good way to decrease current leakage is…?

Answer 2

Use shorter power cords

Question 3

Which channel type produces a square calibration wave?

Answer 3

DC channel (SpO2)

Question 4

Which device receives and transmits signals from 0 to 1 volt?

Answer 4

DC amplifier

Question 5

What respiratory effort device uses coiled bands that are stretched during respiration?

Answer 5

Inductive plethysmograph

Question 6

A time constant of 1 second is equal to an LFF setting of …?

Answer 6

0.16 Hz

Question 7

Amperes are measured in ….?

Answer 7

Coulombs / second (frequency reading)

Question 8

When electrical signals from external sources interfere with signals derived from the patient, this is referred to as…?

Answer 8

Stray capacitance

Question 9

Which parameters does EtCO2 detect?

Answer 9

Airflow, SpO2, exhaled CO2

Question 10

What is the danger of using two ground wires on a piece of diagnostic equipment?

Answer 10

Electric shock

Question 11

Which device produces its own electricity?
Thermister, Oximeter, Piezo-electric crystal band, Actigraph

Answer 11

Piezo-electric crystal band

Question 12

The positioning of the pens along the horizontal plane is called…?

Answer 12

Time axis

Question 13

What is seen in the transition from wake to N1 sleep?

Answer 13

Slow eye movements, some epileptiform activity, low voltage mixed-frequency EEG

Question 14

What is seen in relaxed wakefulness with eyes OPEN?

Answer 14

low-voltage mixed frequency EEG, elevated chin EMG, Rapid eye movement / blinks

Question 15

What is seen in relaxed wakefulness with the eyes CLOSED?

Answer 15

Elevated chin EMG, Alpha rhythm, slow rolling eye movements

Question 16

What is the frequency of alpha waves?

Answer 16

8-13 Hz

Question 17

What is the frequency of theta waves?

Answer 17

4-7 Hz

Question 18

What are characteristics of N1 sleep?

Answer 18

Low voltage mixed EEG, slow rolling eyes, normally active chin EMG

Question 19

How does hypoventilation present?

Answer 19

Slight reduction in airflow for an extended period of time

Question 20

If a patient has OSA and the obstruction is at the nasal passages, what would be most appropriate?

Answer 20

Surgery

Question 21

What are characteristics of Cheyne-Stokes?

Answer 21

Cyclic SpO2 decreases, Respiration improves during REM, Waxing and waning pattern in airflow and effort channels

Question 22

What is a normal base excess?

Answer 22

-2.5 to 2.5

Question 23

What is a normal Hb level ?

Answer 23

15-20

Question 24

What is a normal PO2 level?

Answer 24

Greater than 57

Question 25

What is the main difference between SaO2 and SpO2?

Answer 25

How they are detected

Question 26

In most sleepers what happens to the chin EMG at sleep onset?

Answer 26

The amplitude decreases

Question 27

What is the required desaturation for a hypopnea with 50% or greater decrease in airflow?

Answer 27

3%

Question 28

What is the required duration of an apnea?

Answer 28

10 seconds

Question 29

Characteristics of patients with hypoxic drive:

Answer 29

Breathe based on O2 levels rather than CO2 levels and typically do not respond well to PAP.

Question 30

What is a type of lead not used during MSLT?

Answer 30

Leg leads

Question 31

What is the mean sleep latency for MSLT?

Answer 31

All sleep onset times added, then divided by the number of them (4-5 naps during the day)

Question 32

What is the mode sleep latency for MSLT?

Answer 32

The mode is the time that occurs most frequently.

Question 33

What is the median sleep latency for MSLT?

Answer 33

Place the numbers in numerical order and it is the one in the middle

Question 34

How long should naps last in MSLT (lights on)?

Answer 34

15 minutes AFTER sleep onset

Question 35

What is an MWT?

Answer 35

Maintenance of Wakefulness testing

Question 36

If a patient does not enter REM during the first four naps of MSLT, what should be done?

Answer 36

Allow the pt to go home unless protocol says otherwise

Question 37

What percentage of sleep is N2 in normal, healthy adults?

Answer 37

About 50%

Question 38

What is known as the Circadian Rhythm Oscillator ?

Answer 38

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Question 39

How many minutes is the length of the average human sleep cycle?

Answer 39

90 minutes

Question 40

When is physiological sleepiness in adults the highest?

Answer 40

Afternoon

Question 41

What happens to blood pressure in REM?

Answer 41

BP increases during REM sleep

Question 42

Why is REM also called paradoxical sleep?

Answer 42

The body is paralyzed although the EEG resembles a waking pattern

Question 43

In which age group are nocturnal sleep / daytime alertness usually at optimal levels?

Answer 43

Children

Question 44

What occurs in aging adults re: sleep?

Answer 44

Decreased N3 sleep, Changes in REM sleep, Decreased REM latency and sleep latency.

Question 45

Is blood pressure stable during REM?

Answer 45

No, it actually goes up

Question 46

What is the narcolepsy tetrad?

Answer 46

excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis

Question 47

Which brain structure sends signals from the body to the cortex?

Answer 47

Thalamus

Question 48

Which brain structure BLOCKS signals from the thalamus to the cortex?

Answer 48

Reticular activating neurons

Question 49

What is seen in the EEG when the thalamus is blocked?

Answer 49

sleep spindles