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CPR Exam 1 > Thoracic Osteology, Arthrology & Myology > Flashcards

Thoracic Osteology, Arthrology & Myology Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Thoracic Cavity: Superior Boundary

A

Located on the plane superior to Rib 1

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2
Q

Thoracic Cavity: Inferior Boundary

A

Diaphragm

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3
Q

Thoracic Cavity: Anterior Boundaries

A
  • Ribs
  • Intercostal muscles
  • Sternum
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4
Q

Thoracic Cavity: Posterior Boundaries

A
  • Vertebral column
  • Ribs
  • Intercostal muscles
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5
Q

Thoracic Cavity: Lateral Boundaries

A
  • Ribs
  • Intercostal muscles
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6
Q

Movement of ribs and diaphragm during inspiration:

A
  • Ribs move up and out like a bucket handle
  • Diaphragm moves inferior
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7
Q

Movement of ribs and diaphragm during exhilation:

A
  • Ribs move down and in like a bucket handle
  • Diaphragm moves superior
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8
Q

Vertical changes of Thoracic Cavity during Respiration occur due to:

A

Contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm

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9
Q

Lateral changes of the Thoracic Cavity during Respiration occur due to:

A

Outward swing of ribs in a “bucket handle” movement

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10
Q

Anteroposterior changes of the Thoracic Cavity during Respiration occur due to:

A

Rising/sinking of anterior ends of ribs moves sternum up and down in a “pump handle” movement

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11
Q

Boundaries of the Superior Thoracic Aperture
(1) Posterior:
(2) Lateral:
(3) Anterior:

A

(1) Posterior: T1 Vertebrae
(2) Lateral: 1st pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
(3) Anterior: superior border of the manubrium

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12
Q

Structures that pass between the thoracic cavity and neck thru the Superior Thoracic Aperture:

A
  • Trachea
  • Esophagus
  • Nerves: R & L Vagus, L Recurrent Laryngeal, R & L Phrenic, R & L Sympathetic Trunks
  • Vessels that supply and drain the head, neck and UE
  • Thoracic Duct
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13
Q

Nerves that pass thru the Superior Thoracic Aperture:

A
  • R & L Vagus N
  • L Recurrent Laryngeal N
  • R & L Phrenic N
  • R & L Sympathetic Trunks
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14
Q

Boundaries of the Inferior Thoracic Aperture
(1) Posterior:
(2) Posterolateral:
(3) Anterolateral:
(4) Anterior:

A

(1) Posterior: 12th thoracic vertebra
(2) Posterolateral: 11th and 12th pairs of ribs
(3) Anterolateral: joined costal cartilages of ribs 7-10, forming the costal margins
(4) Anterior: xiphisternal joint

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15
Q

If you close the inferior thoracic aperture, the diaphragm completely separates the ___ and ___ cavities.

A

Thoracic and Abdominal

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16
Q

3 Parts of the Sternum:

A

(1) Manubrium
(2) Body
(3) Xiphoid Process

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17
Q

In adolescents and young adults, the three parts of the sternum are connected together by ___ __ (____) that ossify during middle to late adulthood

A

Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses)

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18
Q

Manubrium

A

Superior component of sternum

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19
Q

Body of Sternum

A

Consists of Sternebrae that fuse during development

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20
Q

Xiphoid Process

A

Lowest component of sternum

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21
Q

Jugular/Suprasternal Notch

A

Shallow notch located on the superior surface of the sternal manubrium

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22
Q

Clavicular Notches form the ______ joints

A

Sternoclavicular

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23
Q

Synchondrosis of First Rib

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Inferolateral to clavicular notch
  • Costal cartilage of rib 1 is attached to lateral border of manubrium
24
Q

Sternal Angle (of Louis)

Study These Flashcards
A

Projecting ridge at the junction of the manubrium and the body of sternum

25
Manubriosternal Joint
Symphysis between manubrium and body of sternum
26
Structures that pass thru the Inferior Thoracic Aperture:
- Inferior Vena Cava - Esophagus - Vagal trunks - Aorta - Thoracic Splanchnic Nerves
27
Components of Thoracic Cage:
(1) Thoracic Vertebrae x12 (2) Ribs x12 (3) Sternum
28
Body of sternum is located at the level of ___-___ vertebrae
T5-T9
29
Inferior end of Xiphoid process lies at the level of __ vertebrae
T10
30
True Ribs
- First 7 ribs - Costal cartilage attach directly to the sternum (vertebrosternal ribs)
31
False Ribs
- Ribs 8-10 - Costal cartilage of these ribs are attached to the costal cartilage immediately superior (vertebrochondral ribs)
32
Floating Ribs
- Ribs 11-12 - Do not have any costal cartilage attachment
33
Characteristics of Typical Ribs (Ribs 3-9)
- Head: has two facets separated by the crest of the head; one facet for articulation with the numerically corresponding vertebrae and one facet for the vertebrae superior to it - Neck: connects head with body at level of the tubercle - Tubercle: located at junction of the neck and body; smooth articular part articulates with the corresponding transverse process of the vertebrae and a rough nonarticular part that provides an attachment for the costotransverse ligament - Body: concave internal surface has a costal groove paralleling the inferior border of the rib which provides protection for the intercostal nerve and vessels
34
Characteristic Features of Thoracic Vertebrae
- Bilateral costal facets (demifacets) on the vertberal bodies, usually occurring in inferior and superior pairs, for articulation with the heads of ribs (ex. inferior demifacet of the superior vertebrae and a superior demifacet of the inferior vertebrae along with the IV disc between them form a socket to receive the head of the rib of the same identifying number as the inferior vertebrae; head of rib 6 with superior costal facet of vertebra T6) - Costal facets on the transverse processes for articulation with the tubercles of ribs, except for the inferior two or three thoracic vertebrae
35
The superior costal facets of vertebrae ___ are not demifacets because there are no demifacets on the ___ vertebrae above. This means that Rib 1 articulates only with vertebrae ___.
- T1 - C7 - T1
35
___ vertebrae has only one bilateral pair of whole costal facets, located partly on its body and partly on its pedicule.
T10
36
___ and ___ vertebrae have only a single pair of whole costal facets, located on their pedicles
T11 and T12
37
Costovertebral - Joints of Head of Rib (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Synovial Plane (2) Head of each rib with superior demi- or costal facet of vertebral body of same number and inferior demi- or costal facet of vertebral body superior to it and IV disc between them (3) Radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib **Heads of 1st, 11th and 12th ribs (sometimes 10th) articulate only with vertebral body of same number
38
Costovertebral - Costotransverse Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Synovial Plane (2) Tubercle of rib with transverse process of vertebrae of same number (3) Lateral and Superior costotransverse **11th and 12th ribs do not articulate with transverse processes of vertebrae of same number
39
Intervertebral Joints of T1-T12 (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Symphysis (Secondary Cartilaginous) (2) Adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by IV disc (3) Anterior and Posterior Longitudinal **Movement mostly limited to small degrees of rotation
40
Costochondral Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Primary (hyaline) cartilaginous (2) Lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib (3) Cartilage and bone bound together by periosteum **No movement normally occurs at this joint; cartilage just provides flexibility
41
Interchondral Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Synovial Plane (2) Between costal cartilages of 6th and 7th, 7th and 8th and 8th and 9th ribs (3) Interchondral ligaments **Articulation between costal cartilages of 9th and 10th ribs is fibrous
42
Sternocostal Joint - 1st Rib (1) Type: (2) Articulation:
(1) Primary Cartilaginous (synchondrosis) (2) Articulation of 1st costal cartilages of rib 1 with manubrium of sternum
43
Sternocostal Joint - Ribs 2-7 (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Synovial Plane (2) Articulation of the 2nd-7th pairs of costal cartilages with sternum (3) Anterior and Posterior radiate sternocostal; intra-articular **Fibrocartilage covers articular surfaces
44
Sternoclavicular Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation: (3) Ligaments:
(1) Saddle Type of Synovial (2) Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium of sternum and 1st costal cartilage (3) Anterior and Posterior sternoclavicular; costoclavicular **Joint is divided into two compartments by an articular disc
45
What two joints often fuse and become synostoses in older individuals?
Manubriosternal and Xiphisternal
46
Manubriosternal Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation:
(1) Secondary Cartilaginous (symphysis) (2) Articulation between manubrium and body of sternum
47
Xiphisternal Joint (1) Type: (2) Articulation:
(1) Primary Cartilaginous (Synchondrosis) (2) Articulation between xiphoid process and body of sternum
48
External Intercostal Muscle fibers run in a ___ to ___ direction
Lateral to Medial
49
What muscle extends from the rib/costal cartilage junction to the sternum as the External Intercostal Membrane?
External Intercostal Muscles
50
Internal Intercostal Muscle fibers run in a __ to ___ direction
Medial to Lateral
51
Between the ribs posteriorly, the internal intercostals are replaced by the ___ ____ ____
Internal Intercostal Membranes
52
External Intercostal Muscle (1) Attachments: (2) Innervation: (3) Action:
(1) Inferior border of ribs to superior border of ribs below (2) Intercostal N (3) Elevate ribs during forced inspiration
53
Internal & Innermost Intercostal Muscles (1) Attachments: (2) Innervation: (3) Action:
(1) Inferior border of ribs to superior border of ribs below (2) Intercostal N (3) Interosseous part depresses ribs while the interchondral part elevates the ribs; active during forced respiration
54
Subcostal Muscle (1) Attachments: (2) Action:
(1) Internal surface of lower ribs near their angles to the superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below (2) Believe they have similar action to the internal intercostal muscles
55
Transverse Thoracis Muscle (1) Attachments: (2) Action:
(1) Posterior surface of lower sternum to internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6 (2) Weakly depress ribs, proprioception

CPR Exam 1 (4 decks)

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