Thoracic Spine and Ribs Flashcards
(33 cards)
T spine apophyseal joints
- type of joint
- facet orientation
- where does facet orientation change?
plane synovial joints
-guides intervertebral motion
facet orientation face generally in the frontal plane
-60 degrees from transverse place, 20 degrees from frontal plane
orientation changes around T10-11 to sagittal plane
intracervical (and upper thoracic) region
- facet orientation
- favors what motions
bewteen horizontal and frontal planes
favors
-combination of axial rotation and lateral flexion
mid-thoracic region
- facet orientation
- favors what motions
near frontal plane
favors
-lateral flexion, although not fully expressed because of ribs’ splinting action
lumbar (and lower thoracic) region
- facet orientation
- favors what motions
near sagittal plane
favors flexion and extension (and limits axial rotation)
kinematics of thoracic flexion
-limited by…
superior anterior slide of the inferior facet of the superior vertebrae on superior facet of the vertebrae below
limited by
-tension in connective tissues of posterior aspect of thoracic region
kinematics of thoracic extension
-limited by…
posterior inferior slide of the inferior facet of the superior vertebrae on superior facet of the vertebrae below
limited by
-tension in anterior connective tissues and posterior bony structures
kinematics of thoracic rotation
frontal plane orientation
-inferior articular facet of superior vertebrae slides against superior facet below
kinematics of thoracic lateral flexion
frontal plane orientation
- inferior facet on the ipsilateral side slides inferiorly
- inferior facet on the contralateral side slides superiorly
sternum osteology
osseous protective plate for the heart 3 components -manubrium -body -xiphoid process manubriosternal joint -junction bewteen the manubrium and the body -location of 2nd rib
structure of the ribs
1-7 true ribs
-articulate directly with sternum through chondrosternal joints
8-10 false ribs
-indirect with sternum through costal-cartilages of the adjacent superior rib at the interchondral joints
11, 12 floating ribs
-no anterior attachment
typical ribs
- which ones are these?
- components
2-9 head -attaches to V. body at the costovertebral joint --2 demifacets with crests between them neck -distal to head tubercle -distal to neck -articulates with the transverse process - costotransverse joint
thoracic-rib articulations
costovertebral joint
costotransverse joint
costovertebral joint
-convex/concave rule
convex rib facets
-superior/inferior facet of rib head (demifacets)
concave vertebral facet
-inferior/superior facet of adjacent vertebra
costotransverse joint
10 pairs of joints T1-T10 convex rib tubercle T1-T6 concave facet on transverse process -T1-T6 slight rotation -T7-T10 articular surfaces are flat; permits a gliding motion
rib angle
- location
- muscle attachment
- why do we care?
location -posterolateral aspect -lateral to spinous process iliocostalis muscle attachments key landmark for rib dysfunction -tender -soft tissue restrictions
numbered rib location
costovertebral facets
superior facet articulates with vertebral body above - T6
inferior facet articulates with superior facet of the vertebral body below - T7
-articulation occurs at the ribs own numberes vertebrae - rib 7
costovertebral ligaments
-categories
interosseous aka capsular ligaments
-crest of the rib head to the IVD)
Radiate ligament
-3 bands (superior, intermediate, inferior)
atypical thoracic/rib articulations
T1 and T10-12; ribs 1, 10-12
T1 characteristics
full costal facet superiorly
-accepts the entire head of 1st rib
demifacet inferiorly to accept part of the head of the second rib
T10-12 characteristics
may have full costal facet (pedicles)
T11-12 characteristics
typically lack costotransverse joints
kinematics of the upper ribs
-inspiration
1-6 motion occurs in the sagittal plane inspiration -upper ribs and sternum increase the AP diameter of the thorax -"pump-handle" motion
kinematics of the lower ribs
motion occurs in the frontal plane
inspiration
-lower ribs increase the transverse diameter
-“bucket-handle” motion
diaphragm parts based on bony attachments
costal part -upper margins of lower six ribs sternal part -posterior side of the xiphoid process crural part -attached to the bodies of the upper 3 lumbar vertebrae --right and left crus
