Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Semester 3 FS Exam 2 > Thoracic Spine/Rib Cage Biomechanics > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine/Rib Cage Biomechanics Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the three distinct regions of the thoracic spine that have specific variations?

A

upper thoracic = T1-T4
middle = T5-T9
lower = T10-T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Body characteristics of thoracic spine

A

wedged-shaped (kyphotic curvature on sagittal plane)
increase in size from superior to inferior
inferior endplates are larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In which direction are the thoracic body vertebrae larger?

A

larger AP diameter than ML (bodies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

characteristics of facets for heads of ribs

A

complete facets = T1 and T10-12
demifacets for the remaining
- ribs 2-9 connect in bettween vertebrae and act as a wedge to limit motion – limit motion btwn vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

demifacets

A

head of rib articulates at the level of the vertebral disc and connects to the above and below body with two facets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Articular processes of thoracic spine

A

pedicle to lamina junction (superior and inferior)
orientation affects segmental motion
more vertically aligned to 75 degrees at T6-T7
limit flexion
minimal axial rotation allowed due to how steep the facets are
lateral flexion is limited
lower thoracic limited in axial rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Articular processes of thoracic spine for what?

A

form zygapophyseal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in which direction do the superior facets face?

A

posterior and lateral – lower thoracic direction changes to medial orientation, which explains the difference in mobility in different aspects of the thoracic spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

articular processes of thoracic spine – motions allowed

A

limit flexion
minimal axial rotation allowed due to how steep the facets are
lateral flexion is limited
lower thoracic limited in axial rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F few limitations to axial rotation in the thoracic spine, but limitations in flexion.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

palpating thoracic spine

A

space indicates IVD level (palpation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Muscle attachment processess

A

TP and SP
transverse length decreases from T1-T12
- anterior aspect is facet for rib tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

spinous process muscle attachment processess

A

upper is more horizontally aligned
middle is post and inferior
lower is shorter and projects posteriorly
tip of process in line with body of inferior vertebrae (t2-T12)
TP’s increase in size down vertebrae. this impacts LF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ribs of thoracic cage

A

12 pairs and sternum
head and neck face posterior towards spine
body is anterior = costal cartilage and sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

typical ribs

A

2-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

head of rib

A

superior/inferior facets - demifacets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

neck

A

extends posterior and lateral from head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tubercle of rib

A

located on posterior surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

single head facet rib numbers

A

1st, 10-12th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

rib facets

A

T2-T9 = head of rib has 2 facets
T1, 10, 11, 12 = one facet
neck extends psot lat and meets TP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

sternum

A 
convex anterior
concave posterior
flat manubrium, body, ziphoid process
sternal notch at T3
body at T5-T9
sternomanubrial junction = 160 degrees
xiphisternal junction ossified by age 40
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

sternal notch

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

body of sternum

A

T5-T9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Joints of thoracic region (5)

A
  1. interbody joints
  2. zygapophyseal
  3. costovertebral
  4. costotransverse
  5. rib to sternum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
interbody joints
btwn bodies of vertebrae
26
costovertebral joint
head of rib to vertebrae
27
costotransverse joint
tubercle of rib to TP
28
Interbody joints
IVD are thinnest in upper thoracic region
29
ratio
ratio of disc height to body height = mobility higher ratio = more mobility ratio is smallest at thoracic region compared to rest of spine disc height is same anterior and posterior
30
FAcet joints
gliding synovial joints | supported by joint capsules which support flexion and anterior translation
31
supporting structures of thoracic region
tons of ligaments that limit flexion and extension
32
Costovertebral joint
``` head to demifacets and disc supported by: - joint capsule - interarticular ligaments (2) - radiate ligament ```
33
interarticular ligament (costovertebral joint)
within the joint capsule | connects head of rib to bodies of vertebrae
34
radiate ligament (costovertebral joint)
outside joint capsule
35
posterior instability
ALL and anterior disc
36
rib cage
multiplies by 4 the ability of the thoracic spine to sustain compressive load - structures w/in rib cage become support structure agaisnt compresive loads
37
costotransverse joint
the facet of the trasnverse process to the facet on the tubercle of the rib
38
costotransverse ligament is supported by: (4 things)
joint capsule costotransverse ligament lateral constotransverse ligament posterior costotransverse ligament
39
costotransverse ligament is where?
at level of neck connects neck to vertebrae connects rib to TP above rib hangs from TP above - this limits how much rib can drop, does not limit elevation of ribs
40
lateral costotransverse ligament fxn
reinforces joint capsule
41
posterior costotransverse ligament is the same as
costotransverse ligament (?)
42
anterior joints of ribs
``` length of cartilage increases from superior to inferior 1st rib to manubrium 2nd rib to sternomanubrial junction 3rd to 7th to body 8th to 19th to the cartilage of the 7th ```
43
thoracic spine motion is limited by: (3)
orientation of facet joints thickness of IVD and bodies presence of ribs
44
segmental mobility of thoracic spine
from superior to inferior sagittal plane = motion increases frontal = rom constant or increases slightly transverse = rom decreases
45
orientation of thoracic facets
progressively more vertical | superior facets are posterior and lateral
46
thoracic facet alignment allows axial rotation
vertical alignment close to front plane results in superior translation of above vertebrae during flexion extension = compression forces develop within facets limiting ROM
47
coupled motion at thoracic spine
coupling motion occurs in all motions b/c of rib cage
48
coupling greatest where
lateral bending and rotation
49
upper thoracic coupled motion
LF with ipsilateral rotation
50
middle and lower thoracic coupling motion
less extensive and varies in terms of ipsi/contral rotation - depends on sagittal plane position of spine - flexed position = side bending and rotation in the same direction
51
rib elevation: motion on costal cartilage and sternum
sternum = anterior and superior costal cartilage = torsion when sternum moves forward, torsion occurs at anterior end
52
rib motion as a results of thoracic spine motion
flexion = depression extension = elevation rotation = deforms thorax lateral flexion = ipsilateral approximation and contralateral separatation
53
rib motion as a results of thoracic spine motion
ipsilateral transverse process moves posteriorly pulling the rib, increase rib curvature contralateral transverse process moves anteriorly pushing the rib, curvature of the rib becomes shallow
54
function of trap and rhomboids
contralateral rotation
55
function of lat
ipsilateral rotation with help of pec major and anterior delt extends lower thoracic region flexion upper thoracic ipsilateral flexion
56
deep layer =
erector spinae group = spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
57
function of deep layer of erector spinae group
bilateral trunk extension | unilateral = ipsilateral flexion and rotation
58
contraction of deep erector spinae group
eccentric during forward bending contraction during return to erect position ES = 75% slow twitch postural support and stability role
59
ES group: spinalis
most medial | thoracic, cervical, capitis
60
ES group: longissimus
thoracic, cervical, capitis
61
ES group: iliocostalis
most lateral | lumbar, thoracic, cervical

Semester 3 FS Exam 2 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions