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AFCP 1 FINAL > Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Thoracocentesis

A

Remove fluid between ICS 8 or 9 in midaxillary line to avoid lungs, superior to rib 9 or 10
Superior to upper border

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2
Q

Intercostal nerve block

A

In ICS, blood 2 adjacent nervesT

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3
Q

Thoracostomy

A

Remove fluid (down) or air (down) in ICS 4 or 5, midaxillary
Superior to upper border

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4
Q

Sternectomy

A

To access thorax

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5
Q

Sternum

A

Used for bone marrow graft

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6
Q

Pectus carinatum

A

Sternum protrudes

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7
Q

Pectus excavatum

A

Sternum caves in

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8
Q

Paradoxical movement of hemidiaphragms

A

Damage to phrenic nerve

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9
Q

Cervical supernumeral rib

A

C7 vertebrae
Can compress inferior trunk (C8-T1) or subclavian artery, causing ischemia

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10
Q

Lumbar supernumeral rib

A

Often misdiagnosed as L1 transverse process fracture

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11
Q

Flail chest

A

Caused by multiple rib fractures, paradoxical lung movement

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12
Q

True ribs

A

1-7

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13
Q

False ribs

A

Do not articulate directly with sternum, connected to seventh costocartilage at costochondral join
8-10

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14
Q

Floating ribs

A

11-12
Do not articulate with sternum at all

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15
Q

Ribs 1&2

A

Muscle attachment sites for ant & mid (1) and post (2) scalene muscle

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16
Q

Anterior scalene

A

Anterior = subclavian vein
Posterior = subclavian artery

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17
Q

Polymastia

A

Extra breasts

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18
Q

Amastia

A

Missing breast

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19
Q

Polythelia

A

Extra nipples

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20
Q

Carcinoma effect on lymph nodes

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A

Removal of axillary nodes to prevent spread of cancer BUT can lead to arm swelling

21
Q

Athelia

22
Q

Sentinel lymph node biopsy

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A

Done to prevent total removal of lymph nodes

23
Q

Sternal angle

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A

Starts at second rib - T4
Divides superior and inferior mediastinum
Bifurcation of trachea into bronchi
Arch of aorta
Arch of azygos enters SVC
Thoracic duct crosses to left side

24
Q

Nerves of thoracic wall

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A

ICN part of ventral rami
11 pairs plus subcostal nerve

25
Typical IC nerves
3-6 btwn internal and innermost muscles
26
Atypical IC nerves
1 part of brachial plexus 2 intercostal brachial n 7-11 thoracoabdominal n
27
Blood supply of thoracic wall
Internal thoracic a Post and ant intercostal arteries and veins
28
Supreme intercostal arteries
1st and 2nd posterior intercostals coming off costocervical trunk
29
Lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall
Thoracic duct on left receives all lymph except right thorax, arm, head and neck which goes to right lymphatic duct
30
Breast
Glandular tissues, 15-20 lobules Supported by suspensory ligament of Cooper Retromammary bursa = posterior Nipple is around T4
31
Breast location
Between ribs 2-6, nipple at 4, axillary tails extends
32
Breast blood supply
Internal thoracic, lateral thoracic and post intercostal a.
33
Breast innervation
ICN 4-6
34
Diaphragm
Dome shaped muscle
35
Diaphragm innervation
Innervated by phrenic nerve, peripherally by intercostal and subcostal
36
Diaphragm openings
Caval = IVC, r. phrenic (T8) Esophageal hiatus = esophagus, vagal trunk (T10) Aortic hiatus = aorta, thoracic duct, azygos (T12)
37
Superior thoracic aperture
T1, rib 1, manubrium Contains carotids and subclavian
38
Inferior thoracic aperture
T12, ribs 11-12, xiphisternal joint
39
External intercostals
Hands in pocket
40
Internal intercostals
Hands to chest
41
Herpes zoster
Invades spinal ganglion and affects thoracic wall dermatomes
42
Posterior intercostal arteries
3-11 come off descending thoracic aorta 1-2 come off supreme intercostal a
43
Anterior intercostal arteries
1-6 come off internal thoracic 7-9 come off musculophrenic
44
Azygos vein
Unpaired on right side
45
Inspiratory muscles
EI, II Deep breathing - diaphragm Accessory - sternoclediomastoid and scalenes
46
Expiratory muscles
Quiet breathing - recoil of muscles Forced - innermost, abs
47
Parietal pleura
Sensitive to pain, innervated by intercostal nerves Must be anesthetized
48
Anterior and posterior intercostal arteries
Anastomose, can be collateral

AFCP 1 FINAL (14 decks)

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