Thoracic Wall

Question 1

How many vertebrae in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine?

Answer 1

C1-7, T1-12, L1-5

Question 2

which two facets/processes of the thoracic vertebral body articulate with the ribs?

Answer 2

the costal demi-facets (head of rib) and the transverse process facet (tubercle of rib)

Question 3

in thoracic vertebrae, the articular processes face:

Answer 3

the super articular process is posterior facing and the inferior articular process is anterior facing

Question 4

the segment that joins the body of the vertebra to the transverse process is called the:

Answer 4

pedicle. it also forms the vertebral arch

Question 5

the segment that joins the transverse process and the spinous process is the:

Answer 5

lamina (laminae = plural)

Question 6

the lumbar articular processes are directed:

Answer 6

superior are medial and the inferior are lateral

Question 7

the cervical articular processes are directed:

Answer 7

superoposterior and inferoanterior

Question 8

true or false: the cervical vertebrae have lamina foramen

Answer 8

false: they have transverse foramen

Question 9

the tubercle of rib 7 will attach to the _____ ______ of vertebra _ as well as the inferior demi-facet of vertebra _ and the superior demi-facet of vertebra _

Answer 9

transverse process , 7, 6, 7

Question 10

which of these does NOT define the thoracic inlet?

a) manubrium
b) T1 and rib 1
c) clavicle
d) pleura of lungs

Answer 10

c

Question 11

which of these does not define the thoracic outlet?

a) xyhpisternal joint
b) costal margin
c) diaphragm
d) 11th/12th & rib T12

Answer 11

a: the xyphoid process

Question 12

true or false: true ribs are flattened in the anterior/posterior plane

Answer 12

true

Question 13

true or false: the costal groove is on the infero-lateral side of the rib

Answer 13

false: medial

Question 14

the posterior end of the rib has ___ articulations on the head and ___ articulations on the tubercle for the vertebrae

Answer 14

two, one

Question 15

a typical rib has a sharpened/rounded superior border and a sharpened/rounded inferior border

Answer 15

rounded, sharpened

Question 16

from posterior to anterior name the groove and attachments of the first rib:

Answer 16

scalenus medius, groove for subclavian artery, scalenus anterior, groove for subclavian vein

Question 17

from posterior to anterior name the groove and attachments of the second rib:

Answer 17

scalenus posterior, serratus anterior

Question 18

atypical ribs are flattened in the ____/____ plane:

Answer 18

superior/inferior

Question 19

true or false: all ribs are sharp inferiorly and flattened superiorly

Answer 19

true

Question 20

costocorporeal joint is between:

Answer 20

head of rib and demifacet of vertebrae

Question 21

costotransverse joint is between:

Answer 21

tubercle of rib and transverse process of vertebra

Question 22

sternocostal joint is between:

Answer 22

sternum and costal cartilage of rib

Question 23

interchondral joint is between:

Answer 23

anterior rib and costal cartilage

Question 24

true ribs are:

Answer 24

1-7 (costal cartilage attaches directly to sternum)

Question 25

false ribs are:

Answer 25

8-10 (costal cartilage attaches to above cartilage)

Question 26

floating ribs are:

Answer 26

11-12 (anterior ends directly in abdominal muscles)

Question 27

the three muscles of the anterolateral thoracic wall are:

Answer 27

external intercostal muscles: waist coat, outside neurovascular bundle internal intercostal muscles: hip pocket, outside neurovascular bundle innermost intercostal muscles: hip pocket, underneath neurovascular bundle

Question 28

what are the two muscles that cross multiple ribs?

Answer 28

transversus thoracis (sternum to lower true ribs) subcostal muscles (parallel to innermost and posterior lower thorax)

Question 29

true or false: in the thoracic cage, nerves are from a posterior origin only

Answer 29

true

Question 30

veins the intercostal spaces drain posteriorly to the _____ vein and anteriorly to the _______ _______ vein

Answer 30

azygous (tributary of SVC), internal thoracic (tributary of brachiocephalic veins)

Question 31

arteries in the intercostal space are posteriorly from the ____ and anteriorly from the ______ ______ artery

Answer 31

aorta, internal thoracic artery (comes off subclavian)

Question 32

true or false: there is anastomoses between the posterior and anterior intercostal arteries and veins respectively

Answer 32

true

Question 33

two terminal branches off the internal thoracic artery are:

Answer 33

musculophrenic and superior epigastric

Question 34

the sternal angle is defined by all but: a) level of T4 b) bifurcation of trachea into left primary bronchi c) level of 3rd costal cartilage d) arch of aorta e) manubriosternal joint

Answer 34

c: 2nd costal cartilage