Thorax 2 - Bronchi, Pleura, Lungs and Diaphragm Flashcards
Innervation of trachea
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (PNS)
Trachea length?
C6 to T4/5 where it bifurcates
Number of lobes in R + L lungs
R: 3 lobes
L: 2 lobes
Conducting zone
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, conducting + terminal bronchi
Respiratory zone
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
3 Borders of Base of Lung
Anterior - sharp
Posterior - smooth, rounded
Inferior - sharp
3 Lung Surfaces
Costal - face ribcage
Mediastinal - marked by hilum, accomodates cardiac impression
Diaphragmatic - rests on diaphragm
Left lung lobes
Superior + Inferior lobes.
Separated by oblique fissure (landmark need to know to listen to lungs
inferior lung is mainly posterior + lobar bronchus branches within the lung
Right lung lobes
Superior, Middle, Inferior Lobes
Horizontal fissure separates superior + middle
Oblique fissure separates inferior from others.
Lobar bronchus branches at hilum
Structures entering/leaving Hilum
BPPPPL
Bronchial arteries Primary bronchus Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Pulmonary plexus of automatic nerves Lymph vessels + nodes
Bronchial Circulation route
LV Descending aorta Bronchial arteries Capillaries and gas exchange Bronchial veins Azygous vein SVC -> RA
Innervation of lungs
PNS (vagus): increases secretion + contraction of SM
SNS: relaxes SM and decreases secretions
Costo-diaphragmatic recess
It’s the lower part of pleura free of lung (expect during max inspiration). This is where pleural effusion first accumulates and can be seen in CXR
T8
T10
T12
T8 - IVC enters diaphragm at tendinous part so that IVC doesnt collapse
T10 - oesophagus
T12 - aorta
Diaphragm margins attached to
costal margin
ribs 11 + 12
lumbar vertebrae
xiphoid process
