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Visceral Anatomy > Thorax 4 > Flashcards

Thorax 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sulci of the heart

A
  1. Coronary sulcus (Atrioventricular groove)
  2. Anterior interventricular sulcus/groove
  3. Posterior interventricular sulcus/groove
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2
Q

What does the coronary sulcus (atrioventricular groove) contain?

A
  • Right coronary a.
  • Left coronary a.
  • Coronary sinus
  • Circumflex a. (branch off left coronary a.)
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3
Q

Contents of the anterior interventricular groove

A
  • Anterior interventricular a.
  • Great cardiac v.
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4
Q

Contents of the posterior interventricular groove

A
  • Posterior interventricular a.
  • Middle cardiac v.
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5
Q

Where does the right atrium receive blood from?

A

SVC, IVC, coronary sinus

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6
Q

Where does right ventricle receive blood from?

A

Right atrium via triscuspid valve

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7
Q

Where does right ventricle pump blood?

A

Systolic outflow to the pulmonary trunk (via pulmonary semilunar valve)

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8
Q

What do the chordae tendinae do?

A

Attach papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve
- preventing prolapse

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9
Q

What makes up the base of the heart?

A

Left atrium & pulmonary veins

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10
Q

What is the rough myocardium of the right atrium and right & left auricles

A

Pectinate muscles

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11
Q

What are the ridges in the right and left ventricular walls

A

trabeculae carnae

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12
Q

Where does the left atrium receive blood from?

A

Pulmonary veins (2 left & 2 right)

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13
Q

Where does the left ventricle receive blood from?

A

Left atrium via mitral (bicuspid) valve

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14
Q

Where does left ventricle pump blood?

A

Aorta via aortic valve

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15
Q

Boundaries of the pericardium

A
  • Anterior - body of sternum
  • Posterior - oesophagus & thoracic aorta
  • Lateral - right & left lungs
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16
Q

Which ventricle has thicker myocardium?

A

Left ventricle - pumps blood at higher pressures (supplies entire body)

17
Q

What are the layers of the pericardium?

A

Fibrous pericardium (only this will be pinned) - OUTERMOST

Serous pericardium:
- parietal serous
- visceral serous (or epicardium) - INNERMOST

18
Q

List the valves of the heart

A
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Bicuspid (Mitral) valve
  • Pulmonary valve
  • Aortic valve
19
Q

Branches of the left coronary a.

A
  • Left circumflex a.
  • Anterior interventricular a.
20
Q

Branches of right coronary a.

A
  • Posterior interventricular a.
  • Right marginal a.
  • Sinoatrial (SA) nodal a.
21
Q

Cardiac/coronary veins

A
  • Coronary sinus (drains small, middle & great cardiac veins
  • Small cardiac v.
  • Middle cardiac v.
  • Great cardiac v.
  • anterior cardiac veins (drain into Rt. ATRIUM NOT coronary sinus)
22
Q

Cardiac/coronary veins

A
  • Coronary sinus (drains small, middle & great cardiac veins
  • Small cardiac v.
  • Middle cardiac v.
  • Great cardiac v.
  • anterior cardiac veins (drain into Rt. ATRIUM NOT coronary sinus)
23
Q

What is the wall between the 2 ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

24
Q

What is the wall between the 2 atria’s

A

Interatrial septum

25
Q

What is the red depression in the right atrium (cadaver)? and what condition is associated with it?

A

fossa ovalis
- Atrial septal defect - foramen ovalis (foetus) fails to close (forming fossa ovalis) after birth

26
Q

What are the semilunar cusps of the pulmonary & aortic valves

A
  • Pulmonary - anterior, right & left semilunar cusps
  • Aortic - right, left & posterior semilunar cusps
27
Q

When viewed superiorly (birds eye) what do semilunar cusps create?

A

Sinuses
- i.e. left semilunar cusp of aortic valve = left aortic sinus
- i.e. ant. semilunar cusp of pulmonary valves = ant. pulmonary sinus

28
Q

What does the left coronary a. supply?

A
  • Most of left ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Bundle of his
  • Anterior aspect of interventricular septum
29
Q

What does the right coronary a. supply?

A
  • Right ventricle
  • Right atrium
  • Sinoatrial (SA)node
  • Atrioventricular (AV) node
  • Posterior aspect of interventricular septum
30
Q

List the surfaces of the heart

A
  • Sternocostal surface
  • Diaphragmatic surface
  • Pulmonary surface
31
Q

Scenario: ECG shows that posterior cardiac wall myocardial ischemia (heart attack of the post. cardiac wall).

What coronary artery is likely affected? What branch?

A

Right coronary a.
- Posterior interventricular a. (posterior wall)

32
Q

Scenario: ECG shows that anterior cardiac wall myocardial ischemia (heart attack of the ant. cardiac wall).

What coronary artery is likely affected? What branch?

A

Left coronary a.
- Anterior interventricular a.

33
Q

Scenario: ECG shows that the left lateral cardiac wall myocardial ischemia (heart attack of the left lateral cardiac wall).

What coronary artery is likely affected? What branch?

A

Left coronary a.
- Left circumflex a.

34
Q

The pericardial cavity is a gap between ____

A

Parietal serous pericardium and epicardium (visceral serous pericardium)

35
Q

Where does coronary sinus drain into?

A

Right atrium
NOT IVC

36
Q

WHere is fossa ovalis

A

Right atrium
- hence atrial septal defect

37
Q

Pectinate mm. vs trabeculae carnae

A

Pectinate = atrium + auricles
Trabeculae carnae = ventricles

38
Q

Where do the left and right coronary arteries originate from?

A

Left and right aortic sinuses

Visceral Anatomy (11 decks)

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