Thorax and abdomen

Question 1

What are the epaxial groups of the axial muscles?

Answer 1

Intrinsic back muscles (superficial, intermediate, deep)

Question 2

What are the hypaxial groups of the axial muscles?

Answer 2

3 groups, lateral, anterior and prevertebral groups.

Question 3

What are the axial muscles defined as?

Answer 3

Head, neck and torso.

Question 4

What do the axial muscles assist in?

Answer 4

respiration.

Question 5

What are the functions of the axial muscles?

Answer 5

Abdominal wall (keeping the viscera in)
Movement
Respiration
Abdominal pressure (when heavy lifting)

Question 6

What are the 2 major cavities of the torso?

Answer 6

Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 7

Where can you find the epaxial muscle groups?

Answer 7

Posterior to the spine

Question 8

Where can you find the lateral hypaxial muscle groups?

Answer 8

lateral to the spine (oblique groups)

Question 9

Where can you find the subvertebral groups?

Answer 9

Neck and lower back anterior, attached to the spine.

Question 10

Where can you find the anterior group?

Answer 10

rectus groups, abs anterior to the trunk.

Question 11

What is the ribcage made up of?

Answer 11

Sternum, costal cartilage, 12 pairs of ribs.

Question 12

Which rib pairs are true ribs?

Answer 12

1-7

Question 13

Which rib pairs are false ribs?

Answer 13

8-10

Question 14

Which rib pairs in the false ribs are floating ribs?

Answer 14

11-12

Question 15

What is the name for the surface of the rib that connects with the zygopophaseal joint of the spine?

Answer 15

Articular facet

Question 16

What is the majority of the rib section called?

Answer 16

Body

Question 17

Where is the angle of the rib?

Answer 17

The turning point

Question 18

Which part of the rib connects with the transverse costal facet?

Answer 18

tubercle

Question 19

What are the 3 sections of the sternum?

Answer 19

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid

Question 20

What is the sternal angle?

Answer 20

The body process where the manubrium and the body of the sternum meets.

Question 21

What are the 3 types of rib joints?

Answer 21

Sternocostal
Costochondral
interchondral

Question 22

Describe sternocostal joint

Answer 22

sternum -> rib cartilage
synovial

Question 23

Describe a costochondral joint

Answer 23

rib cartilage -> rib
synchondrosis

Question 24

Describe an intercondral joint

Answer 24

rib cartilage -> rib cartilage
Synovial

Question 25

Whats the angle formed by the rib cage called?

Answer 25

infrasternal angle

Question 26

What is the joint name and type between the manubrium and the sternal body?

Answer 26

Manubriosternal joint Symphysis

Question 27

What is the joint name and type between the sternal body and the xiphoid?

Answer 27

Xiphisternal joint Symphysis

Question 28

Name the sequence of the costovertebral joints

Answer 28

The body of the vertebra superior to the rib. Intervertebral disc. Head of rib (crest). Body of vertebra same number as the rib.

Question 29

What is the costo-transverse joint?

Answer 29

The joint of the tubercle of the rib and the transverse costal facet.

Question 30

What are the 3 types of intercostal muscles?

Answer 30

External intercostals. Internal intercostals. Innermost intercostals.

Question 31

Which intercostal muscle group elevates the ribs?

Answer 31

External intercostals

Question 32

Which intercostal muscle groups depresses the ribs?

Answer 32

Internal and innermost intercostals.

Question 33

What deep anterior thorax look spider like?

Answer 33

Transverse thoracis.

Question 34

What is the purpose of levator costi?

Answer 34

elevate ribs, proprioception?

Question 35

What is the purpose of thoracic diaphragm?

Answer 35

expand and compress thoracic cavity

Question 36

Which way is the external obliques orientated?

Answer 36

inferiorly and medially

Question 37

which way is the internal obliques orientated?

Answer 37

inferiorly and laterally

Question 38

Where is the transverse abdominis and what is its function?

Answer 38

Compresses the abdomen, underneath the internal obliques.

Question 39

What is the abs called and what is its function?

Answer 39

rectus Abdominis flex+compress ribs, compress the abdomen.

Question 40

What are the 3 scalene muscles and where do they attach?

Answer 40

Anterior and middle scalene attaches to the first rib. Posterior scalene attaches to the second.

Question 41

What are the 2 shoulder muscles assist in respiration?

Answer 41

Serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Question 42

What is the pelvic floor (Pelvic diaphragm) made up of?

Answer 42

Levator ani Coccygeus