Thorax and Lungs

Question 1

Avoid ____________ for painful areas, especially if a fractured rib is suspected.

Answer 1

Deep pulsation

Question 2

When palpating for the fremitus, what aspect of your hands will you use to feel the intensity of the vibration?

Answer 2

Palmar surface of the fingertips/ball or ulnar edge of the hand

Question 3

When palpating for the fremitus, what will you ask for the client to say?

Answer 3

“ninety-nine”

Question 4

Decreased or absent fremitus is associated with __________.

Answer 4

Pneumothorax

Question 5

Increased fremitus is associated with consolidated lung tissue as in pneumonia. True or False?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Infection of the lungs that causes inflammation and fluid buildup in the air sacs, making it difficult to breathe

Answer 6

Pneumonia

Question 7

The air sacs in your lungs have filled with fluid instead of air, making them dense and less able to function properly

Answer 7

Lung consolidation

Question 8

Condition where air leaks into the space between your lung and chest wall, causing your lung to collapse

Answer 8

Pneumothorax

Question 9

When palpating for respiratory excursion, what part of the thoracic spine will you place your hands?

Answer 9

T9 or T10

Question 10

When palpating for the chest expansion, you place the palms of your both hands over the lower thorax with your thumbs adjacent to the spine and your fingers stretched laterally. True or False?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

In palpating for chest expansion, when the client takes a deep breath, your thumbs should move apart an equal distance and at the same time. This distance is?

Answer 11

3 to 5 cm (1.2 to 2 in.)

Question 12

Decreased thorax expansion when palpating for the chest expansion is normal. True or False?

Answer 12

False because these findings could indicate a problem with the lungs, such as a collapsed lung (pneumothorax), or a condition affecting the chest wall, like a rib fracture

Question 13

Percussion penetrates to a depth of _____________, detecting superficial rather than deep lesions

Answer 13

5 to 7 cm (2 to 3 in.)

Question 14

In percussing the tone, percuss in the intercostal spaces at about ____?

Answer 14

5 cm (2 in.)

Question 14

In percussing the tone, percussion notes resonance except over scapula. True or false?

Answer 14

True

Question 14

Lowest point of resonance in the percussion of tone is at the?

Answer 14

diaphragm (i.e., at the level of the 8th to 10th rib posteriorly)

Question 15

In percussing the tone, what should you ask your client to do?

Answer 15

Ask the client to bend the head and fold the arms forward across the chest

Question 15

Diaphragmatic excursion provides information on the?

Answer 15

patient’s depth of ventilation

Question 16

Percussion on a rib normally elicits resonance. True or false?

Answer 16

False, dullness

Question 16

The measured distance for diaphragmatic excursion should be?

Answer 16

3-5 cm

Question 17

In performing the diaphragmatic excursion, the left side of the diaphragm is usually higher than the right. True or False?

Answer 17

False, the right side is higher than the left

Question 18

In performing the diaphragmatic excursion, the level of the diaphragm on inspiration is ____, and _____ on expiration.

Answer 18

T12, T10

Question 19

Diaphragmatic excursion that is less than 3 cm is normal. True or False?

Answer 19

False

Question 19

Fluid buildup in the space between the lung and the chest wall that can also restrict the diaphragm’s movement.

Answer 19

Pleural effusion

Question 20

Use for high frequency sound

Answer 20

Diaphragm

Question 21

Used for low frequency sound

Answer 21

Bell

Question 22

What are the normal breath sounds?

Answer 22

Vesicular Bronchial Bronchovesicular

Question 23

Abnormal breath sounds is also known as?

Answer 23

Adventitious sounds

Question 24

What are the adventitious sounds?

Answer 24

Stridor Wheezes (sonorous or sibilant) Crackles (fine or coarse) Pleural friction rub

Question 24

It is a continuous high pitched crowing sound heard predominantly on inspiration

Answer 24

Stridor

Question 25

It is a high-pitched continuous musical sound.

Answer 25

Wheeze

Question 26

Viral infection that causes swelling in the larynx (voice box) and trachea, leading to stridor, especially in children

Answer 26

Croup

Question 27

This refers to the high-pitched whistle-like sound.

Answer 27

Sibilant wheeze

Question 28

This refers to a deep, low-pitched rumbling or coarse sound as air moves through tracheal bronchial passages in the presence of mucus or respiratory secretions.

Answer 28

Rhonchi/sonorous wheeze

Question 28

Chronic condition where the airways become inflamed and narrowed, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath

Answer 28

Asthma

Question 29

Disease that damages the air sacs, causing them to lose their elasticity and leading to wheezing and difficulty breathing

Answer 29

Emphysema

Question 29

Condition where the airways become inflamed and produce excess mucus, leading to wheezing and a chronic cough

Answer 29

Chronic bronchitis

Question 30

Can be from air passing through fluid, pus, or mucus.

Answer 30

Crackles

Question 31

Fluid buildup in the lungs, often caused by heart failure

Answer 31

Edema

Question 31

Inflammation of the airways, often caused by infection

Answer 31

Bronchitis

Question 31

Sound quality is like hair rubbing near the ear and may be heard in congestive heart failure and pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 31

Fine crackles

Question 31

It's quality is low-pitched and moist and may be heard in pulmonary edema and bronchitis

Answer 31

Coarse crackles

Question 32

Condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs

Answer 32

Congestive heart failure

Question 33

Condition where the lungs become scarred, leading to difficulty breathing and fine crackles

Answer 33

Pulmonary fibrosis

Question 34

This sound results from the movement of inflamed pleural surfaces against one another during chest wall movement.

Answer 34

Pleural Friction Rub

Question 35

Ask the client to repeat the phrase “ninety-nine”

Answer 35

Bronchophony

Question 35

Ask the client to repeat the letter ‘E’

Answer 35

Egophony

Question 35

What is the ratio of the anteroposterior to transverse diameter?

Answer 35

1;2

Question 35

Ask the client to whisper the phrase “one-two-three.”

Answer 35

Whispered pectoriloquy

Question 36

It is a condition in which the ratio of the anteroposterior to transverse diameter is 1 to 1

Answer 36

Barrel Chest

Question 37

It a permanent deformity, may be caused by rickets

Answer 37

Pigeon chest (pectus carinatum)

Question 38

Overexpansion of the lungs characterized by rapid and deep breaths

Answer 38

Hyperventilation

Question 38

It is a congenital defect, is the opposite of pigeon chest in that the sternum is depressed, narrowing the anteroposterior diameter.

Answer 38

Funnel chest (pectus excavatum)

Question 38

Underexpansion of the lungs, characterized by shallow respirations

Answer 38

Hypoventilation

Question 39

Rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations, from very deep to very shallow breathing and temporary apnea

Answer 39

Cheyne-Strokes breathing

Question 40

Snoring or sonorous respiration, usually due to a partial obstruction of the upper airway

Answer 40

Stertor

Question 40

Gurgling sounds heard as air passes through moist secretions in the respiratory tract

Answer 40

Bubbling

Question 40

Indrawing between the ribs

Answer 40

Intercostal retraction

Question 41

Indrawing beneath the breastbone

Answer 41

Substernal retraction

Question 41

Indrawing above clavicles

Answer 41

Suprasternal retraction

Question 42

The presence of blood in the sputum

Answer 42

Hemoptysis

Question 43

A dry, harsh cough without secretions

Answer 43

Nonproductive cough

Question 43

Elevates sternum

Answer 43

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 43

A cough accompanied by expectorated secretions

Answer 43

Productive cough

Question 44

Elevate upper rib

Answer 44

Scalenes Group

Question 45

Percussion notes _________ down to the sixth rib at the level of the diaphragm

Answer 45

Resonance

Question 46

Percussion sounds are flat over areas of heavy muscle and bone. True or False?

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Percussion sounds are _____ on areas over the heart and the liver

Answer 47

Dull

Question 48

Percussion sounds are tympanic over the underlying stomach. True or false?

Answer 48

True