Thorax SIM: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

The double pump function of the heart in the RIGHT side serves as the _____ circuit pump

Answer 1

systemic

Question 2

The double pump function of the heart in the LEFT side serves as the _____ circuit pump

Answer 2

pulmonary

Question 3

Considered high-resistance circulation

Answer 3

systemic (high pressure, high resistance)

Question 4

this structure pumps blood through the short pulmonary circuit

Answer 4

right ventricle

Question 5

atrioventricular valves prevent backflow of blood into the

Answer 5

atria

Question 6

semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood into the

Answer 6

ventricles

Question 7

the average maximum pressure developed in the right ventricule

Answer 7

15-28 mmHg

Question 8

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 8

striated involuntary muscle

Question 9

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 9

contracts even without nerve stimulation

Question 10

blood flows from LA to LV via this valve

Answer 10

left AV valve, mitral, bicuspid

Question 11

when deoxygenated blood leaves the RV thru a semilunar valve, it is forced into the

Answer 11

pulmonary arteries

Question 12

blood from systemic circulation is returned to the RA via the

Answer 12

superior/inferior vena cava

Question 13

oxygenated blood from the systemic arteries flows into

Answer 13

peripheral tissue capillaries

Question 14

lung capiliaries receive deoxygenated blood from

Answer 14

pulmonary arteries

Question 15

SA node is the pacemaker of the heart because these cells are

Answer 15

the ones that depolarize and reach threshold first

Question 16

the cardioaccelerator center in medulla activates

Answer 16

sympathetic neurons

Question 17

cardiac output indicates

Answer 17

ventricular efficiency overtime

Question 18

Starling’s Law of the heart states

Answer 18

CO=VR

Question 19

ECG detects and diagnose

Answer 19

cardiac arrythmias

Question 20

QRS complex appears as the

Answer 20

ventricles depolarize

Question 21

P wave represents in the normal ECG

Answer 21

atrial depolarization

Question 22

ultrasound analysis producing images that follow the details of cardiac contractions is called

Answer 22

echocardiography

Question 23

above normal K+ concentrations in blood can cause

Answer 23

the heart to dilate and become flaccid and weak

Question 24

if each heart muscle cell contracted at its own individual rate, the condition would resemble

Answer 24

fibrillation

Question 25

the delay of AV node detection of impulse travel from atrium to ventricle is due to allow

Answer 25

the atria to finish contracting

Question 26

sequencial path of a NORMAL action potential in the heart

Answer 26

SA node -> AV node -> bundle of His -> bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers

Question 27

the chambers of the heart with thin walla that are highly distensible

Answer 27

atria

Question 28

blood returns to the heart from coronary circulation via this structure

Answer 28

coronary sinus

Question 29

the internal connective tissue network of the heart

Answer 29

fibrous skeleton

Question 30

each cardiac muscle fiber contracts several others at specialized sites known as

Answer 30

intercalated discs

Question 31

the right side of the heart contains blood with an abundance of this gas

Answer 31

carbon dioxide

Question 32

when blood leaves the right atrium, it is forced through an AV valve into this structure

Answer 32

LV

Question 33

oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via this structure

Answer 33

pulmonary veins

Question 34

the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood

Answer 34

pulmonary arteries

Question 35

individual units responsible for establishing the rate of cardiac contraction

Answer 35

nodal cells

Question 36

the action of cardiac muscle tissue contracting on its own in the absence of neural stimulation

Answer 36

automaticity

Question 37

an increase in heart rate in response to stretching the right atrial wall

Answer 37

brainbridge reflex

Question 38

blood CO2, pH and O2 levels are monitored by

Answer 38

chemoreceptors

Question 39

listening to sounds in the chest to determine the condition of the heart and lungs

Answer 39

auscultation

Question 40

the recording and evaluating of electrical events that occur in the heart

Answer 40

ECG

Question 41

the amount of blood ejected by a ventricle during a single beat

Answer 41

SV (stroke volume)

Question 42

the most important control of heart rate is the effect of the

Answer 42

ANS (autonomic nervous system)

Question 43

interconnections between arteries

Answer 43

anastomosis

Question 44

an improperly functioning mitral valve would affect _____ circulations

Answer 44

syestemic

Question 45

the comb-like muscle ridges in the atria

Answer 45

pectinate muscles

Question 46

the inner surface of the heart that is continuous with the endothelium of the attached blood vessels

Answer 46

endocardium

Question 47

the term used to indicate a heart rate SLOWER than normal

Answer 47

bradycardia

Question 48

the term used to indicate a heart rate FASTER than normal

Answer 48

tachycardia

Question 49

the spontaneous depolarization in the heart takes place in specialized cells called

Answer 49

nodal

Question 50

the heart condition that poses an immediate threat to life

Answer 50

ventricular fibrillation

Question 51

the difference between resting and maximum cardiac output

Answer 51

cardiac reserve

Question 52

what is CO?

Answer 52

CO= SV x HR

Question 53

% increase in Co above resting

Answer 53

normal CO / maximum CO

Question 54

what is the visceral pericardium

Answer 54

covers the OUTER surface of the heart

Question 55

what is the parietal pericardium

Answer 55

lines the INNER surface of the pericardiac sac that surrounds the heart

Question 56

3 distinct layers of the tissues of the heartwall

Answer 56

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium