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Psy/Soc > Thought and Emotion > Flashcards

Thought and Emotion Flashcards

1
Q

Cognition

A

Wide range of internal, mental activities (higher level)

ex. analyzing info, generating ideas, and problem solving

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2
Q

Perception

A

Organizing and identifying stimuli

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3
Q

Information-processing models

A

Computer like, input-output functions, serial processing

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4
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes

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5
Q

Frontal lobe

A

motor control, decision making, long-term storage

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6
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Tactile info processing (somatosensory cortex)

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7
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual info

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8
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Auditory and olfactory; emotion and language

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9
Q

Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development

A

Psy and behavior change across lifespan
Assimilation: developing schemas
Accommodation: changing schema to fit new info

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10
Q

Stages of cognitive development (Stage theory)

A

Sensorimotor, preoperational,concrete operational, formal operational

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11
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

0-2 yrs; learn object permanence and recognize self as separate from surrondings

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12
Q

Preoperational stage

A

2-7 yrs; learn to use language, think literally, egocentric world view

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13
Q

Concrete operational stage

A

7-11 yrs; become more logical in concrete thinking, inductive reasoning, idea of conservation

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14
Q

Formal operational stage

A

11+ yrs; thinks logically and abstract, deductive reasoning, theoretical thinking

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15
Q

Learning theory of language

A

B.F. Skinner; Language as form of behavior, therefore is learned via operant conditioning

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16
Q

Nativist theory of language

A

Chomsky; emphasizes innate biological mechanism

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17
Q

Interactionist theory of language:

A

Interplay between learning and nativist theory; focus is social role that language plays

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18
Q

Broca’s area

A

In frontal lobe; important in speech production

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19
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

In temporal lobe; important in understanding language

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20
Q

Intelligence

A

Ability to understand and reason with complex ideas, adapt effectively to the environment, and learn from experience

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21
Q

IQ

A

Correlates with school related
Easy to administer, but cultural bias and labeling
Highly heritable

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22
Q

General intelligence factor

A

Set level of intelligence
Fluid: prior subject knowledge
Crystallized: w/o prior subject knowledge

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23
Q

Theory of multiple intelligences

A

Gardner; variety of intelligences used in combination

Linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial…

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24
Q

Triarchic theory of intelligence

A

Sternberg; processes, experience, and cultural environment are factors
Analytical, creative, practical intelligences (adaptive)

25
Emotional intelligence
Perceiving emotions, using and reasoning with emotions, understanding emotion, managing emotion
26
Algorithm
Step by step procedure leading to definite solution | not the most efficient
27
Trial and error
Repeated, unsystematic attempts | eventually successful, but very inefficient
28
Heuristics
Mental shortcuts, rules of thumb
29
Intuition
Based on personal perception, feel vs logic
30
Cognitive bias
functional fixedness
31
Cofirmational bias
Valuing new info that supports prior belief | Belief perseverance even when proved wrong
32
Causation bias
Assuming a cause/effect relationship
33
Fundamental attribution error
attributes other's actions to internal factors
34
Lymbic system and autonomic NS role in emotion
Amygalda: unconscious emotional processing (fear,anger) | Prefrontal cortex: conscious regulation (temperament, decision making)
35
James-Lange theory of emotion
Physiologically based; emotional experience depends on recognition and interpretation of physical rxn
36
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
Feeling and physiological rxns at same time
37
Schacter-Singer theory of emotion
Takes into account both physical response and situational cues
38
Universal emotions
fear, anger, happiness, surprise, joy, disgust, saddness
39
Motivation
Psychological factor providing reason for behavior
40
Instinct
Innate tendency to perform certain behavior
41
Arousal
Tension, triggers attempt to return to ideal level of arousal
42
Drive
Urges to perform specific behavior to decrease arousal when cause by a need
43
Drive reduction theory of motivation
Focuses on internal factors to decrease arousal
44
Incentive theory of motivation
Motivated by external rewards, highlight feeling of please associated with reward
45
Cognitive theories of motivation
People's behavior based on their expectations | Intrinsic and extrinsic
46
Need-based theories of motivation
Motivated by desire to fulfill unmet needs Maslow's hierarchy of needs Self actualization Esteem Belongingness Safety Physiological
47
Foot in the door phenomenon
People more likely to agree to large request if they first agree to a smaller one; behavior influences attitude
48
Role-playing
Foreign role feels more normal over time; behavior influences attitude
49
Repeated attitude
Significant outcome expected; attitude influences behavior
50
Cognitive dissonance
Conflict between internal attitude and external behavior
51
Cognitive dissonance theory
People have desire to avoid internal discomfort
52
Elaboration likelihood model
Change in response to an argument
53
Peripheral route processing
When individual does not thin deeply to evaluate the argument
54
Central route processing
Does thin deeply and even elaborates
55
Social cognitive theory
social learning perspective | reciprocal causation: personal, behavioral, and environment factors all influence each other
56
Factors affecting attitude change
Behavior change, characteristics of the message, characteristics of the target, social factors
57
Acute stress response
Fight or flight response epinephrine released by SNS then by adrenal glands inc HR, BP, and breathing Long term causes inc cortisol and - effects
58
Stress management
exercise, spirituality, meditation

Psy/Soc (5 decks)

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