Thought Disorder

Question 1

What are the 4 neurotransmitters?

Answer 1

Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, GABA

Question 2

What neurotransmitters are excitatory?

Answer 2

Dopamine and Norepinephrine

Question 3

What neurotransmitters are inhibitory?

Answer 3

Serotonin and GABA

Question 4

What is the cause of thought disorders?

Answer 4

Unknown but thought to be genetic, neuroanatomical, neurochemical

Question 5

What are Bleuler’s 4 A’s?

Answer 5

Affect
Associative Looseness
Ambivalence
Autism

Question 6

What are the 5 main types of Schizophrenia?

Answer 6

Paranoid
Catatonic
Disorganized
Undifferentiated
Residual

Question 7

What are the positive symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Answer 7

Hallucinations, Delusions, Bizarre Behavior, Paranoia

Question 8

What are the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Answer 8

Apathy, Anahedonia, Poor Social Functioning

Question 9

Do antipsychotics increase of decease the seizure threshold?

Answer 9

Decrease, easier to have a seizure

Question 10

Ways to treat Extrapyramidal Side Effects?

Answer 10

Decrease dosage, Change to a different Antipsychotic, Administer medication to help side effects

Question 11

1 cause of admittance of a pt?

Answer 11

Medication noncompliance

Question 12

What is the most serious side effect of Clozaril?

Answer 12

Agranularcytosis

Question 13

What is the usual onset for Pre-Schizophrenia?

Answer 13

16-25 Yrs Old

Question 14

What are some medical conditions which may cause psychosis?

Answer 14

Infections, Tumors, End-Stage Renal Failure, Hypoglycemia, Dementias/Stroke/Head Injuries, Vitamin Deficiences

Question 15

What are some drugs which may cause psychosis?

Answer 15

Marijuana, Amphetamines, Hallucinogens, Alcohol, Opiates

Question 16

What is an Illusion?

Answer 16

Misinterpretation of a real sensory expericence

Question 17

What is a Delusion?

Answer 17

A False Fixed Belief

Question 18

Types of delusions?

Answer 18

Somatic, *Persecutory, *Grandiose, Jealousy, Religious

Question 19

What is a Hallucination?

Answer 19

False sensory perception in absence of actual stimuli

Question 20

Types of Hallucinations?

Answer 20

*Visual, *Auditory,Olfactory

Question 21

What are the 4 stages of Hallucinations?

Hint all Cs

Answer 21

Comforting, Condemning, Controlling, Conquering

Question 22

What are the lab values to diagnose Disorder Water Balance? (DWB) (Water Intoxication)

Answer 22

Na< 130mEq/L and specific gravity <1.003

Question 23

DWB will cause what 2 conditions?

Answer 23

Hypervolemia and Hyponatremia

Question 24

Nursing interventions for DWB?

Answer 24

Infuse normal saline IV, Frequent Vital signs and neuro checks, seizure precautions, try to prevent

Question 25

What are the 3 types of Antipsychotic Drugs? Which is older, which is newer, which is long lasting?

Answer 25

Conventional (Older), Atypical (Newer), Deconates (Long Lasting)

Question 26

Name some Extrapyramidal side effects?

Answer 26

Akathesia, Pseudoparkinsonism, Acute Dystonia, Tardive Dyskinesia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Question 27

What is Akathesia?

Answer 27

Restlessness

Question 28

Name some symptoms of Pseudoparksonism?

Answer 28

Bradykinesia, Muscle Rigidity, Shuffling Gait, Decreased arm swing, Mask like face

Question 29

Describe symptoms of Acute Dystonia? Possible serious complication?

Answer 29

Acute muscle rigidity or spasms of neck or limbs with jerky movement/ Difficulty Swallowing

Question 30

Ways to reduce EPS?

Answer 30

Decrease dosage, change to different antipsychotic, administer medication to help with side effects

Question 31

Name some drugs to help treat EPS?

Answer 31

Cogentin*, Benadryl*, Valium, Ativan

Question 32

Name a few other side effects of antipsychotics?

Answer 32

Anticholinergic effects, Increase serum prolactin, Increase hyperlipidemia, Photosensitivity, Weight Gain, Sexual Dysfunction

Question 33

Name some sign of Neuropeltic Malignant Syndrome?

Answer 33

Muscle rigidity, High Fever, unstable vitals, increase enzyme levels esp. CPK, delirium, diaphoresis

Question 34

What are symptoms of Tardive Dyskinesia?

Answer 34

Rhythmical, involuntary movement of tongue/lips, blinking, face, neck and upper/ lower extremities.

Question 35

Is Tardive Dyskinesia permanent?

Answer 35

Yes, may be irreversible

Question 36

What are some names of long lasting Antipsychotics?

Answer 36

Haldol, Prolixin, Risperdal, Abilify,