Threats To Computers

Question 1

What is malware?

Answer 1

Malicious software

Question 2

What is social engineering?

Answer 2

Cybersecurity attacks which aim to steal a persons’ personal information and can delete or corrupt data

Question 3

What are examples of social engineering?

Answer 3

Blagging, phishing, DDOS, brute force attacks

Question 4

What is DDOS attack?

Answer 4

Denial of service which is when attackers flood a website with unnecessary traffic to make it unavailable or temporarily shut down

Question 5

What is a worm?

Answer 5

A type of malware which self replicates and does not need to be attached to a program to do it and also scans the internet to look for devices to attach to.

Question 6

Whats a virus?

Answer 6

A malware that spreads between devices through attaching to programs.

Question 7

What is the story of the trojan horse?

Answer 7

The trojans left a horse with resources in a very public area and the acheans were very happy and celebrated and during night the trojans jumped out from the horse and raided the city.

Question 8

What is a trojan horse virus?

Answer 8

A virus that disguises itself as a legitimate program.

Question 9

What is data interception?

Answer 9

When an attacker gathers/records and sends back data between two parties without their knowledge.

Question 10

What are the different types of malware?

Answer 10

• social engineering
• viruses
• worms
•ransomware
• adware
• trojan ware

Question 11

What is an SQL injection?

Answer 11

When an attacker injects a networks’/ databases’ SQL statements with malicious code which allows them to extract or delete any data and manipulate data however they want.

Question 12

What is a botnet?

Answer 12

A network of private computers infected with malicious software and controlled without owners’ knowledge

Question 13

Whats penetration testing

Answer 13

A test where a cyber security expert attempts to find vulnerabilities in a computer system for further improvements.

Question 14

What are methods of penetration testing?

Answer 14

White box testing
Black box testing

Question 15

How are people the biggest threat

Answer 15

They do not adhere/ oblige with the network policies and can accidentally or intentionally break rules

Question 16

How do attackers trick people?

Answer 16

They use fear to threaten them

Question 17

Whats encryption?

Answer 17

Hidden content which can only be accessed with encryption key and is plain text turned into cypher text and other people can not see it.

Question 18

What are user access levels?

Answer 18

The permissions given to a user to access facilities on a computer

Question 19

What is a network policy

Answer 19

Rules put in place to tell users of the network how to use it and what not to do:

Question 20

Whats a firewall?

Answer 20

An application that prevents unauthorised access to and from the internet.

Question 21

Whats network forensics

Answer 21

Prevenative measure which monitors traffic on a network

Question 22

What scareware?

Answer 22

A cyberattack tactic which scares people into visiting infected websites or downloading malicious software.
- can come up as pop up ads
- can appear as smam mail

Question 23

Whats a rootkit
?

Answer 23

A software used by cybercriminals to gain control over a target computer/network.
- usually made up of a collection of tools

Question 24

Whats adware?

Answer 24

Displays unwanted pop up adverts often in the form of pop ups and sells your data to third parties.

Question 25

Whats spyware

Answer 25

Malware which gathers data from device and user and sends to third parties consent.

Question 26

Whats a keylogger?

Answer 26

A computer program which records every keystroke made by a computer user to gain access to passwords

Question 27

Whats physical security

Answer 27

The most basic level of security/ restricting physical access to parts of a network such as
• lock the computer room when not in use
• restrict USB ports and floppy disks cuz theyre easy to attack
• install surveillance cameras
• backup discs are secured and locked

Question 28

Whats whitebox testing

Question 29

Whats blackbox testing