three classic paradigms of security

Question 1

What arevtge there classical paradigms of security?

Answer 1

1. The national security paradigm
2. The international security paradigm
3. The human security paradigm

Question 2

What are reasons for the state to be the main focus of security studies?

Answer 2

1. they are both the biggest source and the biggest threat of security in the anarchic world
2. weak states are also dangerous as they lead to failed state
3. state security through a tricked down effect leads to human security
4. conceptual simplicity

Question 3

What are reasons against the state as a main focus of security studies?

Answer 3

1. the gaining of national security is often perceived as to high for the infringement of individual freedoms that it sometimes justifies
2. it overlooks or ignores other forms of security threats that are equally or even more relevant for human wellbeing

Question 4

What is the referent object of the second (the international) security paradigm?

Answer 4

The referent object is the international society. This includes a wide range of actors, starting with states but also including international organisations, Ngos, multilateral cooperation and so on might be threats or sources of security.

Question 5

How does insecurity arise in the second (the international) security paradigm and how does it counter it?

Answer 5

Insecurity is an internal dynamic arising out of the condition of anarchy . Usually Insecurity comes from other members of the international society but also non state actors like terrorists can produce Insecurity. International law amevits enforcement try on countering this. In comparison to domestic law the focuse is inherently regional and global

Question 6

what are the priorities of the third (human ) security paradigm?

Answer 6

individuals and communities. The importance tends to lie in addressing the root causes of insecurity such as inequality and injustice. The prevention focused is on necessities like primary health care, so insecurity is less likely to arrive in the first place.

Question 7

The UNDP report of 1994 defined 7 main categories of human security threats. Which are they?

Answer 7

1. political
2. personal
3. food
4. health
5. environment
6. economic
7. community

Question 8

What are criticisms of the concept of human security

Answer 8

1. the concept is everything and nothing, it is to vague and everything in life becomes a potential human security issue
2. might dilute policy reaction and understanding to the most substantial security
3. poses a risk of securitization of previous civilian policy fields.