Thrombocytopenia causes Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
Q: What are the four major mechanisms causing thrombocytopenia?
A
- Decreased platelet production
- Increased destruction/consumption
- Dilution
- Sequestration
2
Q
What conditions cause decreased platelet production?
A
- Aplastic anemia
- Myelofibrosis
- Malignant bone marrow infiltration
*Drugs (alcohol, chemotherapy) - Infections (parvo, rubella, mumps, EBV, VZV, HIV)
- Liver disease (↓thrombopoietin)
- Nutritional deficiencies (folate, B12)
- Congenital: Fanconi anemia
3
Q
Which drugs can suppress platelet production?
A
*Alcohol
*Chemotherapy
4
Q
What infections can reduce platelet production?
A
- Parvovirus B19
- Rubella
- Mumps
- EBV
- VZV
- HIV
- Dengue
- Sepsis in general
5
Q
What causes increased platelet destruction/consumption?
A
- ITP/TTP/HUS
- DIC
- SLE
- HELLP syndrome
- Pre-eclampsia / Eclampsia
- APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
- Drugs (quinidine, valproate, heparin)
- Mechanical circuit destruction
6
Q
Which drugs are associated with immune-mediated platelet destruction?
A
- Quinidine
- Valproate
- Heparin (causing HIT)
7
Q
What are pregnancy-related causes of thrombocytopenia?
A
- HELLP syndrome
- Pre-eclampsia
- Eclampsia
8
Q
What is a hematologic malignancy that can cause thrombocytopenia?
A
APL (Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia)
9
Q
What are dilutional causes of thrombocytopenia?
A
- Massive blood transfusion
- Massive fluid resuscitation
10
Q
: What are sequestration-related causes of thrombocytopenia?
A
- Hypersplenism
- Liver disease
- Hypothermia
