Thunderstorms

Question 1

convective storm that produces lightning and thunder characterized by strong up and down movement within the cloud

Answer 1

Thunderstorm

Question 2

Thunderstorms form, when

Answer 2

humid air rises in an unstable environment
Usually 2 lifting mechanisms

Question 3

discharge of electricity between thunderstorm cloud and ground or between two thunderstorm clouds

Answer 3

Lightning

Question 4

most frequent 80% of all lightning

Answer 4

Cloud to cloud

Question 5

Less frequent 20% of all lightning

Answer 5

Cloud to ground

Question 6

conditions to get lightning to form

Answer 6

Clouds must extend above freezing level
Clouds must produce precipitation
Charges must separate within the cloud

Question 7

separation of charges
Lighter particles bring positive charge to type of cloud
Heavier particles bring negative charge the base of cloud

Answer 7

Stage one

Question 8

step leader forms
Negative charges start to step down from cloud toward positively charge surface

Answer 8

Step two

Question 9

streamer forms
Positive charges at surface start to stretch upward toward cloud

Answer 9

Stage three

Question 10

return stroke
Negative charges make contact with a positive charge is near the ground
Bright flash starts from surface up
Negative charges, drained from base of cloud

Answer 10

Stage four

Question 11

dart leader forms
negative charges start to step down from cloud toward positively charge surface, using the same channel as the step leader

Answer 11

stage five

Question 12

return stroke
Negative charges make contact with a positive charge is near the ground
Bright flash starts from surface up
Negative charges, drained from base of cloud

Answer 12

Stage six

Question 13

total discharge takes around — seconds, and consists of multiple return strokes

Answer 13

0.2 seconds.

Question 14

sound waves produced when super heated air from lightning expands explosively
Speed of light much faster than speed of sound
For every five seconds between lightning and thunder, 1 mile from storm

Answer 14

Thunder

Question 15

self extinguishing storms caused by unequal heating of service
mT air masses
Short-lived
Typical and warm, humid summer days

Answer 15

Air mass thunderstorms

Question 16

self propagating storms caused by frontal lifting
Long lasting
Produce high winds, hell, flash, floods, and or tornadoes
10% of all US thundersto

Answer 16

Severe thunderstorms

Question 17

three main stages of an air mass thunderstorm

Answer 17

Cumulus
mature
Dissipating

Question 18

updrafts, dominate cloud grows inside, due to continuous supply of warm, moist and latent heat released as air rises and cools adiabeticaly
no precipitation

Answer 18

Cumulus stage

Question 19

updrafts and downdrafts present
Cloud grows to top of troposphere
precipitation, initiates, downdraft
Most intense phase of thunderstorm

Answer 19

Mature stage

Question 20

down draft dominate
Entrainment
Moisture supply is cut off, and cloud starts to disappear
Precipitation, weakens

Answer 20

Dissipating stage

Question 21

Bringing in dry air from surrounding atmosphere

Answer 21

Entrainment

Question 22

In order to be classified as severe thunderstorm have to meet one of the criteria

Answer 22

Winds above 58 mph
Hail, 0.75 inches.
Tornado produced

Question 23

tilt it up and down draft support each other
Form in areas with strong wind shear

Answer 23

Severe thunderstorms

Question 24

differing wind speeds, or directions at different heights in the atmosphere

Answer 24

Windshear

Question 25

dance cool air from downdraft spreads beneath cumulonimbus cloud Gust front

Answer 25

Severe thunderstorms

Question 26

leading edge of outflow and downdraft acts like front, lifting, warm air ahead of thunderstorm

Answer 26

gust front

Question 27

three main types of severe thunderstorm

Answer 27

supercell Squall line MCC

Question 28

Single powerful cell containing just one updraft

Answer 28

Supercell

Question 29

Temperature inversions, can aid production of supercells buy inhibiting, smaller storms Convention prevented by inversion

Answer 29

Supercell

Question 30

narrow band of individual thunderstorms Forms and warm sector of mid latitude, cyclone ahead of cold front due to dryline

Answer 30

Squall lines

Question 31

Narrow zone of abrupt humidity change, where mT and cT air converge in the warm sector of mid latitude cyclone

Answer 31

Dryline

Question 32

Group of individuals, thunderstorms organized into an oval shaped cluster Frequently found in great plains in migrate east with upper air Winds

Answer 32

MCC Mesoscale convective complexes

Question 33

downdraft from each cell ask to create new cell northern most cells, die out while new cells created a long, southern boundary

Answer 33

Mesoscale convective complexes

Question 34

Area of strong straight line winds in association with a severe thunderstorm Capable of producing as much damage does a tornado Affect at least 240 miles worth of surface area

Answer 34

Derecho

Question 35

Lightning safety

Answer 35

Lightning can strike up to 10 miles from thunderstorm Safest place inside Stay away from tall objects