Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RCSI SURGERY COPY > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Arterial supply to thyroid

A

inferior and superior thyroid arteries

thyroidia ima artery may be present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Veins to the thyroid

A

Superior Inferior Middle thyroid veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lymph drainage of thyroid

A

Pre tracheal, lrelaryngeal and paratracheal nodes

eventually drain into the thoracic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nerves by the thyroid

A

external laryngeal nerve - passes MEDIALLY to the superior portion of the thyroid glad to innervate cricothyroid

Recurrent laryngeal nerve- lies in groove b/w trachea and oesophagus and emerging medially to the inferior part of the thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the names of acute, subacute and chronic thyroiditis

A

Acute - acute inflammation of the thyroid glad

Sub-acute - De QUervians

Chronic - Redials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why does MAiodarone cause hyper and hypo thryoidism

A

due the inhibition of monodeiodination of T4 (which reduces T3) , the blocking of T3 receptors and a direct toxic effect leading to follicular destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

iodine deficiency 0 what will thyroid be like

A

multi nodular cyst

thyroidglossal fistula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ddx for midline neck swelling

A

thyroid isthmus

thyroidgloassal duct cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anterior triangle Ddx

A
  1. Thyroid (MNG, solid - B or M , physiological, iodine deficiency, pregnany , puberty , inflammatory, A.I)
  2. Brachial cleft cyst
  3. Carotid body tumour (chemodectoma) - pulsate but not expansile, moves laterally and not up and down
    - paraganglioma
    - neuroblastoma
  4. lipoma
  5. subcutaneous cyst
  6. sarcoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

posterior triangle of the neck

A
  1. skin
  2. lymph node
  3. bone
  4. cystic hygroma - multilobulated lymphangioma (congenital on left)
  5. parotid swelling 0 Warthrin’s tumour - adenolymphoma, benign - ass. w/ smoking
  6. Zener’s diverticulum AKA pharyngeal pouch
  7. SCM tumour - children , may cause torticolitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inflammatory neck lumps

A
  1. Post viral LAD - >1cm, usually resolves >2 week
  2. bacterial - mycobacteria, acintomycin, brucellosis, cat scratch disease
  3. HIV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

malignant neck swelling

A

metastatic - lung ,esophagus, breast

thyroid

Salivary glad

Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

causes of thyroidtoxicosis

A
  1. Graves
  2. TMN
  3. Solitary toxic nodule
  4. thyroiditis (hashimoto’s , de quervain’s, post part)
  5. drugs - amiodarone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RF of thyroidtoxicois

A
  1. A. fib
  2. osteoporosis
  3. thyroid storm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define graves

A

autoimmune syndrome consisting of hyperthyroidism, goitre and pretibial/ localizing myxoedema. It is disease characterized by the presence of TSH receptor antibodies and most commonly occurs in women in their 3rd and 4th decade of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when do you use PTU for Graves

A

only in ppl who can’t tolerate carbimazole being lowered

use for 18 months

17
Q

side effect of radio-iodine

A
  1. hypothyroidism
  2. thyroiditis
  3. transit worsening of graves opthalmopathy
18
Q

Hartley Dunhill procedure

A

when you removed entire lobe on one side, and only subtotal thyroidectomy on the other side - MOST COMMON SURGERY

19
Q

Graves opthalmopathy - what type of surgery

A

total thyroidectomy

20
Q

when can you consider doing thyroid surgery

A

patient MUST be euthyroid prior to surgery - to decrease vascularity of gland

21
Q

Papillary RF, Pathological findings , mets and prognostic factors

A

RF - Radiotherapy, Fam History
Path : Orphan Annie Nuceli , psammoma bodies, nuclear groove
Mets: 2-10% , 2/3 - lung, 3/4 - skeletal system, rare - brain liver kidneys and adrenal
Prognostic
Good: age - young, Small size
Bad: mets, soft tissue Invasion

22
Q

Follicular RF, Pathological findings , spread and mets

A

Rf: Family history, radiotherapy, iodine
path: capsulated , colloid present , hurtle cells
HEMATOGENOUS SPREAD
skeletal system and lungs
Rare: brain liver, bladder , skin
Mets = Hormonally active - HYPERTHYROIDism

23
Q

MEDULLARY definition , path, inherited

A

neuroendocrine tumour of parafollicular or C cells of the thyroid
Normal function test
increase calcitonin level - deposits as amyloid (flushing, diarrhea)
Inheritance:
1. sporadic - single nodule and often cervical LAD
2. Familial - Men 2 a, Men 2b

24
Q

anaplastic

A

undifferentiated tumours of thyroid follicle epithelium in older women, agree , palliative chemo and radio for symptoms

25
Q

types of thyroid lymphoma

A
  1. diffuse B cell NHL
  2. maltoma
  3. hashimoto’s thyroiditis
26
Q

when do you remove cervical nodes in thyroid cancer

A
  1. when they have a palpable node

2. papillary carcinoma

27
Q

Early complications of thyroidectomy

A
  1. Strap hematoma, transient hypoparathyroidism (8%), hypocalemia, side effect of anaesthesia, serum, larygenal nerve injury, vocal cord paresis

H3 VANS

28
Q

late complications of thyroidectomy

A

permanent hypoparathyroidism

RCSI SURGERY COPY (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions