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EOSC 315 > Tides and Intro to Life > Flashcards

Tides and Intro to Life Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the ocean zones?

A 
Pelagic 
Oceanic 
Epipelagic 
Mesopelagic 
Bathypelagic 
Abyssalpelagic 
Hadalpelagic
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2
Q

Describe the benthic zone

A

Associated with the benthos

Can be at the coastal edge or deep in the bottom of trenches

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3
Q

Describe pelagic

A

Associated with the water column (does not touch the bottom)

Anywhere in the water column

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4
Q

Which are the benthic zones?

A 
Intertidal 
Continental shelf 
Continental slope 
Abyssal 
Hadal
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5
Q

Which are the pelagic zones?

A 
Epipelagic 
Mesopelagic 
Bathypelagic 
Abyssalpelagic 
Hadalpelagic
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6
Q

What is the nertic?

A

Area above the continental shelf
The portion of the ocean near the coast between the shore and where the continental shelf slopes down and becomes the continental slope.

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7
Q

What are ocean zones?

A

Open ocean area beyond the continental shelf

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8
Q

Describe epipelagic

A

Surface waters where light and life is abundant.

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9
Q

Describe mesopelagic

A

Area below the epipelagic where visible light is present but not enough for photosynthesis
The twilight zone

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10
Q

Which are the areas with zero light?

A

Bathypelagic
Abyssalpelagic
Hadalpelagic

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11
Q

What are the different oceanic biomes?

A 
Equatorial 
Tropical 
Subtropical 
Temperate 
Polar
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12
Q

Describe equatorial climates?

A

Areas near the equator that has high levels of moisture and low temperature seasonality
Very stable

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13
Q

Describe tropical climates

A

Location north and south of the equator that has summer rainy seasons and winter dry seasons. Very stable.

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14
Q

Describe Subtropical

A

Areas dryer than tropical locations bounded by tropic of cancer or capricorn. Very stable

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15
Q

Describe temperate

A

Zones between subtropical and polar zones. Sasonally variable

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16
Q

Describe polar

A

Areas near north and south poles with short summers and long and cold winters. Seasonally variable

17
Q

Describe the continental shelf?

A

The shallowest part of the ocean
The proximity of the shore ensures a good nutrient supply and adequate light.
Have some of the highest biological productivity within the ocean.

18
Q

What is surface salinity?

A

Total amount of salt dissolved in seawater.

Varies in ocean surfaces

19
Q

What is the biological significance of salinity?

A

Ocean salinity is realtive constant.
Marine organisms tend to be adapted to a specific and narrow salinity range.
Slight changes can harm most organisms.

20
Q

Why is light important in the ocean?

A

Seawater is transparent for photosynthesis.

Red is absorbed first and blue is absorbed last.

21
Q

What are the types of light and saltwater?

A

Very turbid
Moderately turbid
Clear water

22
Q

What is very turbid water?

A

Cloudy with sediments

Water absorbs blue wavelengths to make water seem yellow-green. All light doesn’t penetrate very deep.

23
Q

What is moderately turbid coastal water?

A

Clear except for plankton

24
Q

What is clear water?

A

Little or no plankton or sediment

Will be blue with light the penetrates the deepest.

25
Q

What are tides?

A

The rising and falling of Earth’s ocean surface.

26
Q

What is an intertidal zone?

A

Strip of seashore that is submerged at the high tide and exposed at the low tide

27
Q

What causes tides?

A

Complex interactions between gravitational and rotational forces acting on the Earth-moon-sun system.
Follow a daily cycle and influence both coastal and pelagic organisms.

28
Q

What are spring tides?

A

The largest difference between the highest high tides and lowest low tide (during new moon and full moon)

29
Q

What are neap tides?

A

Smallest difference between the highest high tide and lowest low tide (1st and 3rd quarter moon)

30
Q

What is the tidal range?

A

Tides usually have a cycle of 2 lows and 2 high per day.

31
Q

What are semi-diurnal tides?

A

2 high and 2 lows of roughly equal magnitude.

East coast of N America, Europe and Africa

32
Q

What are mixed semi-diurnal tides?

A

1 high high tide and 1 low low tide, 1 smaller high tide, 1 smaller low tide
In West coast Canada and US

33
Q

What are diurnal tides?

A

One high and one low tide per day

Uncommon! Occurs in restricted basins and near poles.

EOSC 315 (9 decks)

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