Time Period 5 Test Flashcards
(55 cards)
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Louisiana Territory
- 1803
- Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains
- Bought by Thomas Jefferson
- Purchased by Napoleon
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Florida
- 1819
- Florida and parts of Alabama & Mississippi
- James Monroe
- Adams-Onis Treaty
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Texas
- 1845
- Texas & parts of New Mexico, Colorada, Oklahoma
- John Tyler
- Annexation
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Oregon Territory
- 1846
- Oregon, Washington, parts of Idaho & Montana
- James K. Polk
- Oregon Treaty
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Mexican Cession
- 1848
- California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, parts of Wyoming & Colorado
- James K. Polk
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Gadsden Territory
- 1853
- Southern Arizona & New Mexico
- Franklin Pierce
- Purchase for railroad
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Alaska
- 1867
- Alaska
- Andrew Johnson
- Purchased from Russia
Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Hawaii
- 1898
- Hawaii
- William McKinley
- Annexation (?)
Manifest Destiny
The idea that the nation had a God-given right to expand its borders that dominated Polk’s presidency. Used to justify territorial and cultural expansion.
James K. Polk
Driven by Manifest Destiny. Promised “Fifty-four fourty or fight” (take Oregon), annexation of Texas, purchase of California, independent treasury system, lower the tariff.
Mexican-American War (Causes and results)
Causes: We wanted to buy California but were told no, a border dispute happened in Texas and the US army was sent to Rio Grande
Results: Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, Mexican cession
“Spotty” Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln questioned whether Americans were killed on American soil when Mexican troops attacked during the Mexican-American War. He was mocked and called “spotty” by supporters of the war for questioning.
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
- The border was fixed at Rio Grande
- US gained the Southwest
- US protection on Mexicans and their property in these territories
- US paid $15 million for the land and $3 million in claims by US citizens against the Mexican government
Abolition Movement
Social & political effort to end slavery and promote equality in America. Stemmed from the Second Great Awakening. Major figures include Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, & Harriet Tubman. Directly contributed to the start of the Civil War.
William Lloyd Garrison “The Liberator”
Abolitionist newspaper launched in 1831. Called for the immediate emancipation of slaves with no compensation to slave holders.
Harriet Tubman - Underground Railroad
Woman in the abolition movement, helped free people through the Underground Railroad- “Black Moses”. Underground Railroad was a secret network of routes and safe houses that helped enslaved people reach free states or Canada.
The Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay’s Resolution
- California admitted a free state (North)
- Slave TRADE abolished in Washington DC (North)
- Utah & New Mexico territories to use popular sovereignty to decide their slave status (South)
- More strict Fugitive Slave Law (South)
Would not have passed without Daniel Webster’s “7th of March” speech
President Zachary Taylor hated, VP Fillmore signed after his death
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’
1852, written due to the harsher Fugitive Slave Law from the 1850 Compromise, aimed to show the cruelty of slavery. Very popular, caused outrage in the South
Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
1854 (Senator Stephen Douglas), Allowed Kansas & Nebraska to decide slave status through popular sovereignty. People moved to Kansas to try to sway the vote, led to violence and separate governments within Kansas- “Bloody Kansas”
Popular Sovereignty
The idea that people living in a territory should decide slave status for themselves, Stephen Douglas was a huge supporter
“The Bloody Shirt”
May 1856, Preston Brooks (SC) attacked Charles Sumner (Mass.) over his criticism of slavery in the South in Congress. Brooks was hardly punished but Sumner later got revenge with his “State Suicide” theory
Dred Scott Case
1857 - Scott was a slave who moved into a free state, then back into a slave state. Asked for freedom
- Court decided negroes were never intended to be citizens, only property
- Said Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
- Caused many to switch to Rep party, Lincoln probs wouldn’t have won without it
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
- 1858
- Lincoln: No slavery expansion into territories
- Douglas: Freeport Doctrine - Popular sovereignty & people will decide no matter what government does
Harper’s Ferry/John Brown
- Radical & violent abolitionist, became a martyr to the north
- Harper’s Ferry - Tried to steal guns from an army supplier to give to slaves and start a revolution, further split north & south
