timing terms

Question 1

what is a timing responce

Answer 1

when plants and animals coordinate or time certain behaviours to correlate with environmental cycles e.g. tidal, day/night, lunar cycle and annual.

Question 2

why would a timing responce be useful

Answer 2

• Greater chance of finding food
• Less chance of being eaten
• Greater chance of finding a mate for reproduction
  Less chance of dying from unfavourable environmental conditions e.g. extreme hot or cold

Question 3

Circadian frequency

Answer 3

24 hours

Question 4

Circa-tidal frequency

Answer 4

12.5 hours

Question 5

Circalunar frequency

Answer 5

29.5 days

Question 6

Circannual

Answer 6

365 days

Question 7

what example of rythem are these:
- nectar being released at certain times of the day when the pollintors are active
- dropping of leaves at night due to changes of water pressure in their cells
- flowers moving to follow the sun
- humans sleep, wake pattern

Answer 7

circadian rythms

Question 8

what example of rythem are these:
- planting calendar used by many cultures to grow pants, based on the phases of the moon and tides
- human menstral cycle
- the release of sperm and eggs by some algae

Answer 8

circamonthly

Question 9

what example of rythem are these:
- fiddler crabs being active during low tide and hiding at hide tide in their burrows

Answer 9

circatidal

Question 10

what example of rythem are these:
- flowing in plants (long day ect.)
- loss of leaves (abscission)
- growth patterns in trees
- hibernation in animals
- migration

Answer 10

cirannual

Question 11

active during hours of night is

Answer 11

Nocturnal

Question 12

Active during hours of light

Answer 12

diurnal

Question 13

active at only dusk and dawn is

Answer 13

crepuscular

Question 14

environmental factors are

Answer 14

exogenous

Question 15

internal timing mechanisms

Answer 15

endogenous

Question 16

how to calculating free running period

Answer 16

To work out the FRP, calculate the time difference between the start of the behaviour in the first and last days. Divide this by the number of days. Since the onset of the activity was slightly earlier each day, calculate 24 hours minus this time gap and this will give you the FRP.

Question 17

the enviornmental factor that resets the biological clock (entrainment) so that it follows the environmental cycle is known as the:
e.g. light

Answer 17

zeigeber