Tissue

Question 1

what are the 3 types of connections between cells

Answer 1

1. tight junctions
2. gap junctions
3. anchoring junctions

Question 2

tight junction

Answer 2

separates the cells into apical and basal compartments

Question 3

Anchoring junctions

Answer 3

help to stabilize epithelial tissues

Question 4

3 types of anchoring junctions

Answer 4

1. desmosomes
2. hemidesmosomes
3. adherens

Question 5

desmosomes

Answer 5

occur in patches on the membranes of cells

-these patches are structural proteins on the inner surface of the cells membranes

Question 6

what are the adhesion molecules that are embedded withing the patches of desmosomes and what molecules do they connect to

Answer 6

cadherin attaches to other cadherins

Question 7

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 7

link cells to the extracellular matrix

-their adhesion molecule is called integrins

Question 8

Adheren junctions

Answer 8

use either cadherins or integrins

-these junctions are characterized by the presence of actin

Question 9

gap junction

Answer 9

forms a intercellular passageway between the membranes of adjacent cells to allow for movement of particles between he cytoplasm and other cells

Question 10

endothelium

Answer 10

lines the vessels of the lymphatic and cardiovascular system and made from simple squamous

Question 11

mesothelium

Answer 11

simple squamous forms the surface layer of serous membranes, forms the lining on the pleural cavity, pericardium, and the mediastinum

Question 12

what are the 5 types of simple ducts

1. (two alceolar)
2. (3 tubular

Answer 12

1. simple alveolar
2. simple branched alveolar
3. simple tubular
4. simple coiled tubular
5. simple branched tubular

Question 13

what are the 3 compound ducts

Answer 13

1. compound alveolar
2. compound tubuloaveolar
3. compound tubular

Question 14

simple alveolar ducts

Answer 14

not found in adults

a stage in the development of simple branched galnds

Question 15

simple branched alveolar

Answer 15

sebaceous glands

Question 16

simple tubular

Answer 16

intestinal glands

Question 17

simple coiled tubular

Answer 17

merocrine sweat glands

Question 18

simple branched tubular

Answer 18

gastric glands, and mucous glands of esophagus, tongue, and duodenum

Question 19

compound alveolar ducts

Answer 19

mammary glands

Question 20

compound tubuloalveolar

Answer 20

salivary glands, glands of respiratory passages, and pancreas

Question 21

compound tubular

Answer 21

mucous glands in mouth, bulbourethral glands and testes

Question 22

what is the most common type of exocrine secretion

Answer 22

merocrine

Question 23

merocrine secretion

Answer 23

secretions are enclosed in vesicles that move to the apical surface of the cell where contents are released by exocytosis

Question 24

apocrine secretion

Answer 24

secretory contents pinch off from the cell and are released

-sweat glands in the armpit

Question 25

holocrine secretion

Answer 25

rupture and destruction of the entire gland cell | -sebaceous glands that produce oils on the skin and hair

Question 26

serous gland

Answer 26

produces water blood plasma like secretions rich in enzymes

Question 27

mucous glands

Answer 27

released watery to viscous products rich in the glycoprotein mucin

Question 28

what are the 3 broad categories of connective tissue

Answer 28

1. connective tissue proper 2. supportive connective tisue 3. fluid connective tissue

Question 29

what are the 2 types of tissue within connective tissue proper and what are included in them

Answer 29

1. Loose connective tissue - areolar - adipose - reticular 2. dense connective tissue - regular elastic - irregular elastic

Question 30

what are the different types of supportive connective tissue and what are examples

Answer 30

1. cartilage - hyaline - fibrocartilage - elastic 2. bones - compact bone - cancellous bone

Question 31

what are the 2 fluid types of connective tissue

Answer 31

1. blood | 2. lymph

Question 32

where are mast cells found and what do they do

Answer 32

1. found on connective tissue proper 2. contain chemical signals histamine and heparin 3. when damaged, it relases histamine which causes vasodialation and increased blood flow at the injured site

Question 33

what is the first connective tissue to form in the embryo

Answer 33

mesenchyme

Question 34

what is a mesenchymal cell and where is it located

Answer 34

1. multipotent adult stem cell that can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair or healing 2. in connective tissue proper

Question 35

what fibers are secreted by fibroblasts

Answer 35

collagen fibers elastic fibers reticular fibers

Question 36

what is an example of dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 36

the dermis

Question 37

what are the cells of the cardiac muscle known as

Answer 37

cardiomyocytes

Question 38

what types of junctions do intercalated discs have

Answer 38

anchoring and gap

Question 39

Astrocytes

Answer 39

responsible for the blood brain barrier, regulation of ion concentration, star shaped

Question 40

oligodendrocyte

Answer 40

produce myelin in the CNS

Question 41

schwann cell

Answer 41

produces myelin for the PNS

Question 42

apoptosis

Answer 42

programmed cell death