Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biomechanics I > Tissue Mechanics > Flashcards

Tissue Mechanics Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 3 primary components of connective tissue?

A
  1. Fibrous proteins
  2. Ground substance
  3. Cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 3 types of fibrous proteins?

A

Type I Collagen
Type II Collagen
Elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are characteristics of type I collagen?

A

thick
stiff
binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where in the body is type I collagen found?

A
  • Ligaments
  • Tendons
  • Fibrous joint capsules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are characteristics of type II collagen?

A
  • Thin
  • Lower tensile strength
  • Provides framework for other structures
  • Provides internal strength
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where in the body is type II collagen found?

A

hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are characteristics of elastin?

A
  • Small fibrils (larger than type II though)
  • resists tension
  • elastic properties
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where in the body is elastin found?

A

Walls of arteries
Lungs
Intestines
Skin
Other elastic tissues (hyaline cartilage and ligamentum flavum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Ground substance made up of?

A

Proteoglycans (Glycosaminoglycans or GAGs)
Water
Solutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GAG molecules have a negative charge. What important effect does this have on the ground substance of connective tissue?

A

They are hydrophilic and attract water into the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the main functions of cells in connective tissues?

A
  1. Synthesize ground substance
  2. Tissue maintenance and repair
  3. Constant turnover

Do NOT influence mechanical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 main cells in connective tissues and where can you find them?

A

Fibroblasts (ligaments, tendons, supportive CTs)

Chondrocytes (hyaline articular cartilage and fibrocartilage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where in the body can you find dense connective tissue?

A

Ligaments
Tendons
Perimuscular fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the composition of dense connective tissue?

A

HIGH type I collagen
LOW elastin
LOW fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Does dense connective tissue have good or poor healing and why?

A

Poor healing due to low vascularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does dense connective tissue adapt to stress/strain?

A

Increased stiffness (increased collagen and GAG synthesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is IRREGULAR dense connective tissue different from regular dense connective tissue?

A

Collagen is arranged irregularly (disorganized) in ground substance while fibers are arranged in parallel for regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where can you find IRREGULAR dense connective tissue?

A

joint capsules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T or F: Irregular dense connective tissue can resist forces from MULTIPLE directions

20
Q

Where in the body can you find REGULAR dense connective tissue?

Study These Flashcards
A

ligaments
tendons

21
Q

Do REGULAR dense connective tissues resist tension from multiple directions or in a longitudinal direction?

Study These Flashcards
A

Longitudinal direction

22
Q

What is the main purpose of ligaments

Study These Flashcards
A

To constrain excess movement at bony articulations

23
Q

What is a purpose of tendons?

Study These Flashcards
A

To transmit large forces from muscle to bone

24
Q

What are the 5 different modes of loading?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Compression
  2. Tension
  3. Shear
  4. Torsion
  5. Bending
25
Define compression
Force applied perpendicular to the surface, pushes together
26
Define tension
Force applied perpendicular to the surface, pulling apart
27
Define Shear
sliding that occurs between surfaces
28
Define Torsion
Twisting around long axis
29
Define Bending
deformation occurs perpendicular to long axis, tension of convex side, compression of concave side
30
How will a material respond if it is strained within the elastic region of the stress-strain/load-deformation curve?
It will return to original shape after load is removed
31
How will material respond if it is strained within the plastic region of the stress-strain/load-deformation curve?
It will remain deformed after load is removed
32
What is the "yield point" of a load-deformation curve?
point where transition from elastic to plastic behavior occurs
33
What is the eq for stress and units?
Stress = force or load / area N/m^2 = Pascals = Pa
34
What is the eq for strain and units?
Strain = Change in length (deformation)/ Initial length %
35
What does the area under the curve of a stress-strain curve signify?
Energy
36
How do you determine stiffness of a tissue from a stress-strain curve?
Slope of linear/elastic region Young's modulus of elasticity: E = stress/strain
37
What is viscoelastic creep?
A deformation/strain response that occurs when tissue is exposed to a CONSTANT load/stress, where there is rapid initial deformation followed by slow deformation (creep) until equilibrium is reached
38
When you increase the loading rate of articular cartilage, how would the slope of the elastic region change? And what would that mean in terms of the stiffness of the tissue?
It would get steeper, therefore increased stiffness
39
What does a stress-relaxation curve demonstrate?
Stress response when exposed to a constant DEFORMATION
40
What is the general pattern of stress in a stress-relaxation curve, where a tissue is exposed to a constant deformation?
Rapid initial stress --> slow decreasing stress (required to maintain deformation)
41
What is the capacity for repair for articular cartilage?
Very limited
42
What are 3 functions of articular cartilage?
1. Inc area of load distribution for jts 2. Attenuate jt contact stress 3. Provide a smooth, wear-resistant bearing surface
43
What are the 3 phases of healing?
1. Inflammatory (1-10 days) 2. Proliferation (3-30 days) 3. Maturation/Remodeling (3-360 days)
44
Can physical activity/exercise mitigate the effects of aging on connective tissue and articular cartilage?
Yes!
45
If the goal of stretching is to increase flexibility (tissue length), you must be in the ___ region of the load-deformation (stress-strain) curve.
Plastic
46
The plantar fascia’s viscoelastic behavior means that it will:
Exhibit greater stiffness when loaded rapidly
47
Stress-relaxation in articular cartilage is important to use because:
When articular cartilage is deformed, stresses are attenuated through re-distribution of fluid

Biomechanics I (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions