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Anatomy And Tissue Structure > Tissue Types And Structure > Flashcards

Tissue Types And Structure Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of similar cells that usually have common embryonic origins and function together to perform specialised functions

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2
Q

What are the 4 basic types of tissue?

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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3
Q

What layer of the embryo dies nervous tissue come from?

A

Outside

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4
Q

What layer of the embryo does epithelial tissue come from?

A

Inside, outside and middle

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5
Q

What layer of the embryo does connective and muscle tissue come from?

A

Middle

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of cell junctions?

A 
Tight
Adherens 
Desmosome
Hemidesmosome
Gap
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7
Q

What are the features of a tight junction?

A

Impermeable seal between two cells so no molecules can pass through
Runs around the circumference of a cell
Proteins that fuse together of the outer surface

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8
Q

What is the role of a tight junction?

A

Inhibit the passage of substances between cells and prevent the contents of these organs leaking into the blood or surrounding tissue

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9
Q

What are the features of an adherens junction?

A

Contain plaque which attaches both the membrane proteins and microfilaments to the cytoskeleton

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10
Q

What is the role of adhrenes junctions?

A

Hold skin together manually by joining cadherins

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11
Q

What are the features of desmosome junctions?

A

They have plaque which attaches to elements of the cytoskeleton

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12
Q

What is the role of desmosome junctions?

A

Structural and contributes to stability of the cells. Link adjacent cells

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13
Q

What are the features of hemidesmosome junctions?

A

Has intermediate filament, plaque and transmembrane glycoprotein

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14
Q

What is the role of hemidesmosome?

A

Connect base of a cell to a lamina.

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15
Q

What are the features of a gap junction?

A

Gaps between cells of 1.5nm connected by connexons

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16
Q

What is the role of a gap junction?

A

Allow very small molecules to pass between

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17
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue?

A

Nervous
Epithelial
Muscle
Connective

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18
Q

What is the role of a nervous tissue?

A

Detect internal and external changes in condition and act to maintain homeostasis

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19
Q

What are the main cell types of a nervous tissue?

A

Neurones

Neutoglia

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20
Q

What are the main parts of a neuron?

A

Cell body
Dendrites
Axons

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21
Q

What is a nerve cell responsible for?

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A

Self awareness

22
Q

What are examples are the autonomic nervous system?

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A

Heart rate, eye construction

23
Q

What are the 3 types of muscles tissue?

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A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

24
Q

Which type of muscle is voluntary?

25
What are the features of skeletal muscles?
Long, cylindrical cells with many nuclei Striated appearance Attached to bones (usually) Voluntary
26
What are features of cardiac muscle?
Only found in walls of the heart Striated Involuntary Cells joined end to end by intercalated discs
27
What are the features of smooth muscle?
No striations Central nucleus Cells thick in the middle and taper either side Found in walls of hollow structures eg lungs
28
What are the features of epithelium tissue?
Forms continuous sheets Acascular Innervated
29
What are the functions of epithelium tissue?
Covers body surfaces Lines hollow organs Forms glands
30
What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?
Filtration of exchange via diffusion
31
Where are simple squamous epithelium found?
Kidneys, capillary, alveoli
32
What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?
Secretion and absorption
33
Where are simple cuboidal epithelium found?
Small glands, kidney tubules
34
What is the function of a non ciliated simple columnar epithelium ?
Absorption and secretion
35
Where are non ciliated simple columnar epithelium found?
Digestive tract, gall bladder , excretory gland
36
What is the function of a ciliated simple columnar epithelium?
Moves mucus in the lungs | Eggs down the Fallopian tube
37
Where are ciliated simple columnar epithelium found?
Upper respiratory tract, Fallopian tubes
38
What is the function of a stratified squamous epithelium?
Protection from abrasion
39
Where are stratified squamous epithelium found?
Oesophagus | Skin
40
What is the function of a stratified cuboidal epithelium?
Protection, secretion and absorption
41
Where are stratified cuboidal epithelium found?
Large ducts of glands
42
What is the function of a stratified columnar epithelium?
Protection and secretion
43
Where are stratified columnar epithelium found?
Urethra, small glands, salivary gland
44
What is the function of transitional epithelium?
Permits distension
45
Where are transitional epithelium found? Yes
Urinary bladder and ureters
46
What are the 3 ways cells can secrete?
Merocrine secretion Apocrine secretion Holocrine secretion
47
What are the 5 types of connective tissue?
``` Loose Dense Cartilage Bone Blood ```
48
What are the function of connective tissue?
Supports and bonds together other tissue Protects internal organs Transport system and immune (blood)
49
What is the function of adipose tissue (CT)?
Energy storage
50
What are the 3 types of protein fibres?
Collagen Elastic Reticular
51
What are the properties of collagen?
Non elastic, string and flexible
52
What is the role of loose CT areoles?
Surrounds blood vessels and nerves

Anatomy And Tissue Structure (4 decks)

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