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Human Bio > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 types of tissue

A

epithelial, muscle, nervous and connective

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2
Q

how many layers of cells in SIMPLE cells

A

one singular

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3
Q

how many cells in stratified cells

A

two or more layers

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4
Q

pseudostratified

A

one layer but looks like more

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5
Q

squamous epithelium

A

flattened cells

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6
Q

cuboidal epithelium

A

has cube shaped cells

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7
Q

columnar epithelium

A

has tall column shaped cells

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8
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete into ducts leading to body surfaces

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9
Q

endocrine glands

A

lack ducts secrete products into spaces inside the body

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10
Q

skeletal muscle

A

Long and cylindrical cells (fibers) – Sartorius muscle longest in the body (60cm)
Multinucleated
Striated – arrangement of contractile proteins actin and myosin
Under voluntary control
Attached to bones via tendons – movement
Allow flow of material – swallowing, urination and defecation

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11
Q

smooth muscles

A

cylindrical but tapered at each end

single nucleus

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12
Q

cardiac muscles

A

branched and striated
single nucleus
autorhythmic

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13
Q

central nervous system (4) types

A

ependymal cells (produces CSF)
oligodendrocytes (produce myelin sheath CNS)
astrocytes(provide glucose to neurons)
microglia

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14
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

satelitte cells

Schwann cells myelin sheath to pns

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15
Q

Connective tissue characteristics

A

most abundant

binds supports protects insulates transports

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16
Q

Hyaline cartilage characteristics

A 
tough but flexible
avascular
3 types
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
17
Q

compact bone characteristics

A

Remodels in response to stress
Structural unit called an osteon – central canal
Osteocytes also trapped in lacunae
Communicate through tiny canals - Canaliculi
produces RBC

18
Q

Red Blood characteristics

A

Red blood cells (RBC) or Erythrocytes suspended in liquid matrix (plasma), transport oxygen (hemoglobin) and CO2

RBC are biconcave (increased surface area for binding of oxygen) and lack nuclei

19
Q

White Blood characteristics

A

White blood cells (leucocytes) involved in immune response Phagocytosis

20
Q

platelets (thrombocyts) function

A

involved in clotting process

21
Q

Areolar Connective tissue

A 
between muscles
anchors skin to underlying tissue
embedded with all three type of fibers
elastic
fibroblast
collagen
22
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

regular fibers all travel in same direction (tendons and ligaments)

Irregular - fibers travel in different directions (dermis of the integument)

23
Q

adipose tissue

A

functions as a fuel reserve

adipocytes store triglycerides

24
Q

what are the three types of attachments between cells

A

tight junctions - form a leak proof seal

adhesion junctions (desmosomes) found between cardiac muscle cells

gap junctions
have small holes connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells

25
Q

in regards to homeostasis what are some values of negative feedback mechanisms

A

regulating body temperature

once the normal value is reached corrective measures cease

26
Q

in regards to homeostasis what are some values of positive feedback mechanisms

A

cause change that promotes continued change in the same direction
gains momentum
CHILD BIRTH

27
Q

three components of homeostasis

A

Receptor - detects change in the interal or external environment

Control center - integrates the information coming from all receptors and selects an appropriate response

Effector muscle or gland that carries out the response

28
Q

Organ definiton

A

Composed of two or more different tissues that work together to perform a specific function

29
Q

Organ system

A

Composed of organs with a common function

30
Q

there are ___ major organ systems in the human body

A

11

Human Bio (8 decks)

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