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Chapter 4 | Tissues > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

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1
Q

It is the microscopic study of tissue structure

A

Histology

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2
Q

A group of cells with similar structure and function

A

Tissues

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3
Q

It is the cover or lining tissue

A

Epithelial Tissue

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4
Q

It is the diverse primary tissue; makes up the part of every organ in the body

A

Connective Tissue

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5
Q

Tissue that contracts or shortens

A

Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

They are responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities

A

Nervous Tissue

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7
Q

It covers and protects both outsides and insides of the body

A

Epithelial Tissue

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8
Q

Epithelial Tissue is also known as

A

Epithelium or Epithelial

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9
Q

These are the cells exposed and not attached to other cells

A

Free (Apical) surfaces

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10
Q

Cells are attached to other epithelial cells

A

Lateral Surface

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11
Q

It is the base of the cell; attached to the basement membrane

A

Basal Surface

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12
Q

Attaches to the epithelial cells of the underlying tissue which supports and guides the cell migration during tissue repair

A

Basal Membrane

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13
Q

It consists of a single layer of cells, with each cell extending from the basement membrane to the free surface

A

Simple Layer

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14
Q

More than one layer of cells, but only the basal layer attached the deepest later to the basement membrane

A

Stratified Layer

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15
Q

A special type of simple epithelium, that appears to be falsely stratified
Has one layer of cells, with all cells attached to the basement membrane

A

Pseudostratified Layer

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16
Q

Flat or scalelike shape

A

Squamous

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17
Q

Taller than wide in appearance

A

Columnar

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18
Q

Cube-shaped, wide rather than tall

A

Cuboidal

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19
Q

Cube-shaped, wide rather than tall

A

Cuboidal

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20
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium definition

A

A single layer of thin and flat cell
Some substances easily pass through this thin layer of cells, but other substances do not

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21
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium definition

A

The large size of these cells enables them to perform complex functions, such as secretion

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22
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium definition

A

A single layer of cube-like cells that carry out active transport, facilitated diffusion, or secretion

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23
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium definition

A

Secretes mucus which covers its free surface

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24
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium definition

A

Forms a thick epithelium because it consists of several layers of cells

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25
Compromised of the keratinized squamous epithelium; Reduces loss of water from the body
Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
26
Moist keratinized stratified squamous epithelium; provides protection against abrasion and acts as a mechanical barrier
Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
27
Consist of more than one layer of cuboidal epithelial cells; Relatively rare and is found in sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells, and the salivary glands [absorption, secretion, protection]
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
28
Consist of more than one layer of epithelial cells; the surface cells are columnar but deeper cells are irregular or cuboidal shape
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
29
Special Type of stratified epithelium that can be greatly stretched
Transitional epithelium
30
Have several structures that hold one cell to one another or to the basement membrane
Cell Connections
31
These are mechanical links that bind cells together
Desmosomes
32
These are half desmosomes that anchor cells to the basement membrane.
Hemidesmosomes
33
They prevent the passage of materials between epithelial cells because they completely surround each cell.
Tight Junctions
34
They are small channels that allow small molecules and ions to pass from one epithelial cell to an adjacent one
Gap Junctions
35
Are secretory organs that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into the bloodstream
Glands
36
Ductless glands; secrete their product ( which are called hormones) into to the bloodstream
Endocrine
37
Gland that has ducts and Composed of goblet cells, that secrete mucus
Exocrine
38
Secretion release involves the release of secretory products by exocytosis
Merocrine
39
Secretion involves the release of secretory products as pinched-off fragments of the gland cells
Apocrine
40
Secretion involves the shedding of the entire cells
Holocrine
41
A diverse primary tissue type that makes up every organ in the body
Connective Tissue
42
Large cells that are capable of moving about and ingesting foreign substances, including microorganisms in the connective tissue
Macrophages
43
Nonmotile cells that release chemicals such as histamine, that promote inflammation
Mast Cells
44
Fiber that is very flexible but resists stretching
Collagen Fiber
45
Fibers that are very fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form a supporting networks
Reticular Fibers
46
Fiber that have the ability to return their original shape after being stretched or compressed, giving tissue an elastic quality
Elastic Fibers
47
It trap large quantities of water between the polysaccharides, which allows them to return to their original shape when compressed or deformed
Proteoglycans
48
Consists of relatively few protein fibers that form a lacy network, with numerous spaces filled with ground substance and fluid
Loose Connective Tissue
49
Primarily consists of collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers
Areolar
50
Contain large amounts of lipids for energy storage; Protect parts of the body and acts as a thermal insulator
Adipose
51
It forms the framework of lymphatic tissue
Reticular
52
Has an extracellular matrix consisting mostly of collagen fibers
Dense Collagenous Tissue
53
Collagen fibers oriented in the same direction
Dense Regular
54
Collagen fibers that are oriented in multiple directions
Dense Irregular
55
Has abundant elastic fibers among its collagen fibers that allow the tissue to stretch and recoil
Dense Elastic
56
Marfan Syndrome
Inability to properly maintain and form elastic fibers
57
Is composed of chondrocytes, located in spaces called lacunae within an extensive matrix
Cartilage
58
The most abundant type of cartilage, and has many functions
Hyaline
59
Able to withstand compression and resist tearing or pulling
Fibrocartilage
60
Able to recoil to its original shape when bent
Elastic
61
A hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized matrix
Bone
62
A liquid connective tissue that contains a liquid matrix, termed plasma. Functions in the transport of food, oxygen, waste, hormones, and other substances
Blood
63
Contract or shorten, making movement possible
Muscles
64
Attaches to a skeleton and enables the body to move
Skeletal
65
Muscle of the heart; responsible for pumping blood
Cardiac
66
Forms the walls of hollow organs; found in the skin and eyes. Responsible for a number of functions, such as moving food through the digestive tract
Smooth
67
Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities
Nervous Tissue
68
Is a thin sheet or latter of tissue that covers a structure or lines a cavity
Tissue Membrane
69
4 Tissue Membrane
Cutaneous Mucus Serous Synovial
70
Known as Skin, is an external body surface membrane
Cutaneous
71
It lines the cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts
Mucus
72
Line cavities that do not open to the exterior of the body, such as pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities
Serous
73
Line the cavities of freely movable joints
Synovial
74
Mobilizes the body’s defenses and isolates and destroys microorganism, foreign material, and damaged cells so that tissues repair can proceed
Tissue Inflammation
75
Involves substitution of dead cells for viable cells and Occurs by regeneration or by fibrosis
Tissue Repair
76
New cells are the same type as those were destroyed
Regeneration
77
New type of tissue develops that causes scar production and loss of some tissue function
Fibrosis

Chapter 4 | Tissues (1 decks)

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