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ANATOMY > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are tissues?

A

Groups of cells with similar structure and function

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2
Q

What are the four types of tissues?

A

Epithelial (epithelium), Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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3
Q

What is cytology?

A

The study of cells

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4
Q

What is Histology?

A

The study of tissues

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5
Q

Where is Epithelial Tissue Located?

A

Body coverings, Body linings, Glandular Tissue

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6
Q

What are the functions of Epithelial tissue?

A

protection, absorption, filtration, secretion

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7
Q

What are the two types of cell layers in Epithelial tissue?

A

Simple- ONE Layer
Stratified- MORE than ONE Layer

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8
Q

How many types of epithelial tissues are there?

A

Nine

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9
Q

What are the three types of cell shapes?

A
  1. Squamous (flattened)
  2. Cuboidal (cube-shaped)
  3. Columnar (shaped like columns)
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10
Q

What is Simple Squamous Epithelial?

A

Single layer of flat cells

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11
Q

Where is the simple squamous located? (they form membranes)

A

-lines air sac of lungs
-forms walls of capillaries
-forms serous membranes that line and cover organs in the ventral cavity

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12
Q

What are the functions of simple squamous epithelial?

A

diffusion and filtration

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13
Q

What is Simple Cuboidal Epithelial?

A

A single layer of cube-like cells

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14
Q

Where is the simple Cuboidal epithelial located?

A

-common in glands
-forms walls of kidney tubules
-covers the surface of ovaries

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15
Q

What is the simple columnar epithelial?

A

Single layer of tall cells

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16
Q

Where is the simple columnar located?

A

Lining of the digestive tract from from stomach to anus

17
Q

What are the functions of the simple columnar?

A
  1. Makes mucous (the goblet cells make the mucous)
  2. helps food pass
18
Q

What is the Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial?

A
  • Appears to be stratified, but it’s not
  • all cells rest on a basement membrane
  • single-layered cells
19
Q

Where is the pseudostratified columnar located?

A

In the respiratory tracts

20
Q

What are the functions of the pseudostratified columnar?

A
  • absorption
  • secretion
  • single-layered cells
21
Q

What is the stratified squamous epithelial?

A
  • the most common stratified epithelium
  • multi-layered
    -thicker
22
Q

Where is the Stratified Squamous located?

A
  • skin (outer portion)
  • mouth
  • Esophagus
23
Q

What are the functions of the stratified squamous?

A

serves as a protective covering where friction is common

24
Q

What is the Stratified Cuboidal Epithelial?

A

two layers of cuboidal cells

25
Q

What is the Stratified Columnar Epithelial?

A

the surface cells are columnar, and the cells underneath vary in size and shape

26
Q

Where are both stratified columnar and cuboidal located?

A

(rare in the body)
Found mainly in ducts of large glands

27
Q

What is the transitional Epithelial?

A

Composed of modified stratified squamous epithelial (the shape of cells depend upon the amount of stretching)

28
Q

Where is the transitional epithelial located?

A

the lining of the urinary system organs

29
Q

What are the functions of transitional epithelial?

A

stretching and ability to return to normal shape

30
Q

What is the Glandular Epithelial?

A

multi-functional cells with the main functions of secretion and absorption.

31
Q

What are the two types of glandular epithelial?

A

Endocrine and Exocrine Gland

32
Q

What is the endocrine gland?

A
  • no ducts
  • regulates growth and metabolism and hormones
    -slow regulation
    -Example: thyroid, adrenals, pituitary
33
Q

What is the exocrine gland?

A
  • secretions exit through ducts
  • has ducts
  • Example: sweat gland, oil gland, liver, pancreas
34
Q

What is Connective Tissue?

A

it is found everywhere in the body because it connects body parts. It includes most abundant and widely distributed tissue

35
Q

What are the functions of connective tissue?

A

Protects, Supports, Cushions, and Insulates

36
Q

What are the characteristics of connective tissue?

A
  1. Variations in blood supply (some vascular, some avascular)
  2. Extracellular Matrix (non-living material surrounds living cells)
37
Q

What are the two kinds of extracellular matrix?

A
  1. Ground Substance (mostly water, proteins, and polysaccharides)
38
Q
A

ANATOMY (12 decks)

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