Tissues and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve tissue

A
  • capable of conducting electrical impulses
  • function = communication throughout the body, sensory, coordination of body functions
  • examples = brain, nerves in sensory organs
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2
Q

Epithelial tissue

A
  • cells covering surfaces and lining internal organs
  • function = protection from dehydration, low-friction surface
  • examples = skin, lining of digestive system
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3
Q

Connective tissue

A
  • various types of cells and fibers held together by a liquid, a solid, or a gel, known as a matrix
  • function = support, insulation
  • examples = bone, tendons, blood
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4
Q

Muscle tissue

A
  • muscle fibers that are capable of shortening or contracting
  • function = movement
  • skeletal = muscles that make bones move, voluntary
  • smooth = muscles surrounding the digestive tract = involuntary
  • cardiac = heart, involuntary
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5
Q

Meristematic tissue

A
  • these are the plant cells that divide by mitosis

* they are found at the tips of roots and shoots and under the bark of woody plants

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6
Q

Dermal tissue

A
  • found on the outermost layer of plants
  • epidermal covers leaves, stems and roots, while periderm gives rise to bark
  • root epidermis = help absorb water and minerals from soil
  • leaf epidermis = produce a layer of wax that help waterproof the leaf’s surface, some are adapted for defense
  • guard cells = found on the opening of the leaf, open and close the stomates to conserve water and to allow carbon dioxide to enter for photosynthesis
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7
Q

Vascular tissue

A
  • xylem = hollow tubes with rigid walls, not living tissue, transport water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots
  • phloem = elongated cells, living tissue, transport solutions of sugars produced by photosynthesis downward to the roots
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8
Q

Ground tissue

A
  • parenchyma = photosynthesis, carbohydrate storage
  • collenchyma = structural support for growing roots and leaves
  • sclerenchyma = structural support, extremely thick cell walls
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9
Q

Intergumentary system

A
  • organs = skin, hair, nails, glands

* function = covers and protects body, glands help control body temperature

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10
Q

Skeletal system

A
  • organs = bones, cartilage

* function = supports body, allows movement, protects body

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11
Q

Muscular system

A
  • organs = skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, tendons, ligaments
  • function = works with skeletal system to provide movement, moves materials within body
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12
Q

Digestive system

A
  • organs = mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, liver, intestines, rectum
  • function = ingestion, digestion, absorption of nutrients, elimination of solid wastes
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13
Q

Respiratory system

A
  • organs = nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm
  • function = exchange of gases
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14
Q

Circulatory system

A
  • organs = heart, blood vessels, blood

* function = transportation of materials, such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes, within body

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15
Q

Nervous system

A
  • organs = brain, nerves, spinal cord

* function = contract body functions, coordinates responses and activities

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16
Q

Endocrine system

A
  • organs = glands, pancreas, ovaries (females), testes (males)
  • function = controls growth and development, controls metabolism
17
Q

Excretory system

A
  • organs = skin, kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra

* function = elimination of wastes

18
Q

Reproductive system

A
  • female organs = ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus
  • male organs = testes, epididymus, vas deferens, penis, urethra
  • function = reproduction
19
Q

Lymphatic system

A
  • organs = white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels
  • functions = protects body from disease, circulates fluid called lymph, absorbs and transports fats
20
Q

Shoot system

A
  • organs = stem, leaves, buds, flowers, fruits

* function = transpiration

21
Q

Root system

A
  • organs = roots, including aerial roots

* function = push water up the stem