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NBDE Part I > TMJ 100 Facts > Flashcards

TMJ 100 Facts Flashcards

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1
Q

What are considered to be the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?

A
  • Sphenomandibular lig
  • Stylomandibular lig
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2
Q

What is the function of the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?

A

Limit excessive openings

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3
Q

Where is the sphenomandibular ligament attached?

A

Lingula of the Mandible

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4
Q

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach?

A

Angle of the Mandible

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5
Q

What ligament is most damaged when using an IAN block?

A

Sphenomandibular Lig

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6
Q

Where does the temporomandibular ligament run?

A

From the articular eminence to the mandibular condyle

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7
Q

What are the 3 functions of the temporomandibular lig?

A
  1. Provides lateral reinforcement
  2. Prevents posterior and inferior displacement of condyle
  3. Main stabilizing ligament
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8
Q

What is another name for the temporomandibular ligament?

A

Lateral ligament

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9
Q

What is another name for the collateral ligaments?

A

Discal ligaments

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10
Q

Where does the collateral ligaments run?

A

Arise from the periphery of the disc, and are attached to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle

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11
Q

What is the function of the collateral ligaments?

A
  1. Stabilize the disc on top of the condyle
  2. Resist movements of disc away from condyle during function
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12
Q

What are collateral ligaments made from?

A

Collagenous connective tissue, Do Not Stretch

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13
Q

Which muscle will cause a deviation of the mandible to the damaged side when protruding?

A

Lateral Pterygoid

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14
Q

What are the 2 parts of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Superior and Inferior belly

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15
Q

Where does the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?

A

From lateral pterygoid plate to the neck of the condyle

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16
Q

Where does the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?

A

Greater wing of the sphenoid and infratemporal crest

Inserts on joint capsule, articular disk and condyle of the neck

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17
Q

What is the function of the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Assit in stabilizing the position of the articular disk during closing

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18
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A

Elevation of the mandible (jaw closing)

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19
Q

What is the function of the Temporalis?

A
  • Elevation of the mandible (jaw closing)
  • Retraction of the mandible (lower jaw backward)
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20
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

A

Elevation of the mand. (jaw closing)

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21
Q

What is the function of the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Slight depression of the mandible

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22
Q

What occurs with unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoids?

A

Lateral deviation of the mandible

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23
Q

What occurs with bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoids?

A

Protrusion of the mandible

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24
Q

Where do you test a pts TMJ tenderness and noise?

A

Joint palpated laterally over the posterior surface of the condyles with the mouth open.

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25
Condyles are not symmetrical nor identical, True or False?
True
26
Dislocation of the TMJ is almost always ... and occurs while ...
Anteriorly Laughing or yawning
27
What is dislocation also referred to as?
Open lock
28
Hypertranslation or hypermobility of the mandible is called?
Subluxation
29
Which component of the TMJ has the most vasculature and innervation?
Retrodiscal Tissue
30
omposed of dense fibrous connective tissue, and is positioned in between the condyle and the fossa, dividing the joint into superior and inferior spaces?
Articular Disk
31
What is the middle part of the articular disk called?
Thinner central intermediate zone
32
Which band, anterior or posterior, is the thicker of the two on the articular disk?
Posterior
33
What kind of tissue is attached to the posterior articular disk?
Retrodiscal tissue
34
What is attached/contiguous to the anterior band of the articular disk?
* Capsular ligament * Condyle * Superior belly of the Lateral Pterygoid
35
What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ covered with?
dense fibrous CT
36
What does the layer of fibrocartilage tissue provide to the TMJ?
Resistance against both compressive and lateral forces
37
What is the shape of the Condyle?
Eliptical, long axis oriented mediolaterally
38
What test is the gold standard test to provide an image of the soft tissue of the TMJ, esp. the position of the articular disc?
MRI
39
What is the major advantage of the MRI?
No exposure of the pt to x-ray radiation
40
What sound is made by the articular disc when displaced to the anterior of the condyle?
clicking
41
What is a crepitation sound or a crepitus of the TMJ usually assocaited with?
Degenerative process (osteoarthritis) of the condyle
42
What is a dull thud in the TMJ usually associated with?
Self-reducing subluxation of the condyle
43
A patient has clicking in their TMJ, where is the joint most likely to be displaced?
Anteromedial
44
What occurs during disc displacement of the TMJ?
Collateral ligaments become elongated/torn, *which allows the lateral pterygoid to pull the articular disc out of place*
45
What type of joint is the TMJ?
Ginglymoarthroidal joint
46
What type of movements does the TMJ allow?
Hinge like rotation and sliding
47
What is considered to be the nonfunctioning portion of the TMJ?
Articular fossa (ant 3/4 of large mandibular fossa)
48
What is considered to be the functional part of the TMJ?
Articular eminence
49
What is it that connects the mandible to the temporal bone?
combined hinge and gliding joint
50
What is the only movable joint in the skull that has dense fibrous CT on its articular surfaces?
TMJ
51
What vessesl supply the TMJ?
* Deep temporal and Masseteric a. branches of Maxillary a. * Branches of superficial temporal from ECA
52
What is the venous drainage of the TMJ?
Superficial temporal, maxillary, and pterygoid plexus
53
What is the capsule of the TMJ innervated by?
Auriculotemporal n. (V3)
54
What is the anterior region of the TMJ innervated by?
Masseteric and Deep Temporal (V3) Sensory from V3
55
What path fo the nerve fibers that innervate the TMJ follow?
Vessesl of the blood supply ## Footnote *End as free nerve endings*
56
What part of the TMJ are not innervated?
articular cartilage and central part of the articular disc
57
Are myelinated or unmyelinated nerves seen in the TMJ?
Both
58
What is the source of proprioception in the TMJ?
Retrodiscal tissue
59
What structure of the TMJ secretes the fluid that lubricates the TMJ?
Inner synovial layer of fibrous capsule
60
The fibrous capsule fo the TMJ is fairly thin except where?
Laterally where it forms the temporomandibular ligament (lateral)
61
Where is the fibrous capsule of the TMJ firm? Why?
* Medially and Laterally * Stabilize mandible during movement
62
Where is the fibrous capsule of the loose?
Anterior and Posterior To allow mandibular movement
63
What are large amounts of synovial fluids an indication of in the TMJ?
Painful internal derangements
64
What is the purpose of the joint capsule and ligaments of the TMJ?
Restrict excessive displacement of the mandible
65
What is the thicker layer of fibrous tissue which is reinforced by accessory ligaments?
Outer fibrous layer of the fibrous capsule of the TMJ
66
Translatory movements take place in which compartment of the TMJ?
Upper ## Footnote *Mandibular fossa - articular disc*
67
Rotary motions take place in which compartment of the TMJ?
Lower compartments ## Footnote * Condyle - articular disc* * Hinge type rotation*
68
With the fracture of condylar neck, why does the condylar head remain in the mandibular foss?
Due to TMJ Ligament (main stabilizing lig.) ## Footnote *Restricts the downward and posterior movement of the mandible and guides the forward motion fo the condyle dueing opening*
69
The mandible will always deviate to the side of injury?
True
70
Closing the mouth / elevation of the mandible results from bilateral contraction of which 3 muscles?
* Anterior fibers (verticle fibers) of Temporalis * Masseter * Medial pterygoid
71
Retrusion of the jaw results from the bilateral contraction of?
Posterior fibers (horizontal) of the Temporalis
72
Anterio-inferior aspect of hte mandibular condyle is?
Concave
73
Posterior aspect of mandibular condyle is?
Rounded and convex
74
Is the central portion of the articular disc vascular?
Avascular and lack of innervation at central portion of the articular disc
75
Which belly of the lateral pterygoid inserts on the neck of the condyle?
inferior belly
76
When can dislocation of either or both TMJs occur?
When the condyle translates anterior to the crest of the articular eminence
77
Most stable and easily reproduced position?
Centric Relation Initiating position
78
Which movements are the limits to which the mandible can move?
Border movements
79
Which movements generally occur within border movements?
Functional movements
80
Which jaw position is ligament guided?
Centric Relation
81
In protrusive movements, the condyles of the mandible have moved in which direction?
Downward and forward
82
Which movement requires the condyles to move bacwards and upward?
Retrusive movement
83
Anterior guidance is determined by ...
Overbite, Overjet
84
Anterior guidance is the guidance provided by the anterior teeth when the mandible goes into a ____ movement.
Lateral or protrusive
85
What is the muscle guideds position?
Rest position of the mandible or postural position
86
What is the tooth guided position?
Centric Occlusion

NBDE Part I (4 decks)

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