TMJ Disorder Flashcards
(31 cards)
what are some different names for TMJ dysfunction?
- TMJ dysfunction
- Myofascial pain dysfunction
- Pain dysfunction syndrome
- Facial arthromyalgia
- Costen’s syndrome
what is the blood supply of the TMJ?
deep auricular artery (branch of 1st part of maxillary artery)
what nerves supply the TMJ?
- auriculotemporal
- masseteric
- posterior (deep) temporal nerve
what part of the articular disc of TMJ is innervated?
area in the bilaminar zone
What are examples of degenerative diseases that cause TMD?
- osteoarthritis (localised)
- rheumatoid arthritis (generalised/systemic)
What are causes of TMD?
- myofascial pain
- disc displacement
- degenerative diseases
- chronic recurrent dislocation
- ankylosis
- hyperplasia
- neoplasia
- infection
What are the types of disc displacement that can cause TMD?
- anterior with reduction (disc returns to original place)
- anterior without reduction (disc does not return to original place, stuck in front of condyle permanently)
what are examples of neoplasia that can cause TMD?
- osteochondroma
- osteoma
- sarcoma
what is ankylosis of TMJ?
TMJ is totally fused to base of skull, no jaw movements
how does hyperplasia of TMJ present?
One condyle grows more than the other
- patients have a facial asymmetry
What is the pathogenesis of TMD?
- inflammation of MOM
- trauma of joint
- stress
- psychogenic
- occlusal abnormalities
Why might the muscles of mastication be inflamed?
parafunctional habits
What areas of social history may contribute to TMD?
- occupation
- stress
- home circumstances
- sleeping pattern
- relationships
- habits
what are some intra-oral signs of parafunctional habits?
- cheek biting
- linea alba
- tongue scalloping
- occlusal NCTSL
what are common clinical features of TMD?
- females > males
- age 18-30y/o
- intermittent pain of several months or years
- muscle / joint/ ear pain
- trismus/locking
- clicking popping joint noises
- headaches
- crepitus
what does crepitus indicatr?
late degenerative changes
what conditions are sometimes confused as being TMD?
- dental pain (third molars)
- sinusitis
- ear pathology
- salivary gland pathology
- referred neck pain
- headache
what reversible treatment is involved in treating TMD?
- patient education
- physical therapy
- medication
- splints
what medications are used to treat TMD?
- NSAIDs
- muscle relaxants
- tricyclic antidepressants
- masseter botox
- steroids
What advice would you give to a patient with TMD to help improve their condition?
- reassurance
- soft diet
- masticate bilaterally
- no wide opening
- no chewing gum
- don’t incise foods
- cut food into small pieces
- stop parafunctional habits
- support mouth on opening (e.g yawning)
what are some examples of physical therapy that may be used to help treat TMD?
- physiotherapy
- massage/heat
- acupuncture
- relaxation
- TENS
- hypnotherapy
what types of splints may be used to treat TMD?
- bite raising appliances
- anterior repositioning splints
what is a specific name of splint that can help TMD by raising the bite?
Wenvac splint
what irreversible treatment is sometimes involved in treating TMD?
- occlusal adjustment (rare!)
- TMJ surgery
