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TNCC Flashcards

1
Q

MARCH Acronym

A 
M - Massive hemorrhage
A - Airway
R - Respiration
C - Circulation
H - Head injury/Hypothermia
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2
Q

AVPU Scale

A

A: Alert and oriented
V: Responds to verbal stimuli
P: Responds only to painful stimuli
U: Unresponsive

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3
Q

FAST Exam

A

Focused Assessment with Sonography

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4
Q

hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about ruputre

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5
Q

Solid organs

A

liver spleen kidneys and pancreas

hemorrhage is the major concern; potential for rapid deterioration and death

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6
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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7
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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8
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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9
Q

Four phases of emergency management

A
  1. Mitigation
  2. Preparedness
  3. Response
  4. Recovery
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10
Q

Four phases of emergency management

A
  1. Mitigation
  2. Preparedness
  3. Response
  4. Recovery
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11
Q

Level I

A

Tertiary acre facility

Commonly a university affiliated

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12
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

hemorrhagic shock

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13
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

hemorrhagic shock

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14
Q

in this stage there is widespread tissue hypoxia and anaerobic metabolism

A

decompensated stage of shock (stage II)

pg 72-75

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15
Q

this management strategy allows a lower bp to avoid popping clot

A

permissive hypotension

pg 80

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16
Q

this stage is manifested by a restless pt with tachypnea, bounding pulses…

A

compensated shock stage I

pg 72-75

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17
Q

supine hypotension in a pregnant pt due to compression of the great vessels

A

aortocaval (vena cava) compression syndrome

pg 294

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18
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

Hemorrhagic shock

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19
Q

hypothermia, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis

A

Trauma Triad of Death

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20
Q

victims disrobe, wash with soap and water and dry with towel in this process

A

decontamination

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21
Q

In this stage of shock there is:

  • Widespread tissue hypoxia
  • Anaerobic metabolism
  • Peripheral pooling of blood
  • Stage of impaired issue perfusion
A

Decompensated stage of shock (stage II)

pg 72-75

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22
Q

this management strategy allows a lower bp to avoid popping clot

A

Permissive hypotension

pg 80

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23
Q

This stage of shock is manifested by a restless pt with tachypnea, bounding pulses, and pale diaphoretic skin.

A 
Compensated shock (stage I)
pg 72-75
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24
Q

presence of rectal tone and perineal sensation in spinal shock

A

sacral sparing

pg 173

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25
cervical arthritis, cerebral atrophy, gait instability
Physiologic changes in the geriatric pt
26
victims disrobe, wash with soap and water and dry with towel in this process
Decontamination
27
Vertical shear, lateral compression, and anterio-posterior compression
The 3 patterns of pelvic fractures | pg155
28
picture
Decloving injury
29
presence of rectal tone and perineal sensation in spinal shock
Sacral sparing | pg 173
30
Rib Fx with paradoxical chest wall movement
flail chest
31
Tear shaped pupil, loss of vision, sclera and corneal damage
Ruptured globe injury
32
the clinical findings in this triad - bradycardia - widening pulse pressure - diminished respiratory effort
Cushings triad | pg 96
33
a rare eye injury where bleeding causes bleeding behind the globe
Retrobulbar hematoma | pg13
34
Rib Fx with paradoxical chest wall movement
Flail chest
35
direct force is transmitted along the length of the vertebral column
Axial loading | pg 170
36
the presence of a spinal cord injury in a child despite negative imaging
spinal cord injury with radiographic imag..
37
an injury at or above this level of the spine result in resp compromise
C5 | pg 167
38
the presence of a spinal cord injury in a child despite negative imaging
Spinal cord injury with radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA)
39
an injury at or above this level of the spine result in resp compromise
C-5 | pg 167
40
Diaphramatic irritation
Kehrs sign | pg149
41
Diaphramatic irritation
Kehrs sign | pg149
42
In this type of blast injury, pulmonary barotrauma and tympanic membrane rupture can occur
Primary blast injury
43
This type of energy increases four times when velocity is doubled
Kinetic energy
44
The trajectory of a driver thrown through the windshield
"up and over" pathway
45
In this impact the internal organs collide within the body cavity
The third impact
46
Muffled heart sounds, hypotension, and JVD
Symptoms of pericardial tamponade
47
Shortness of breath and bowel sounds heard in the lower chest
Symptoms of ruptured diaphram
48
150-200mL fluid necessary, does not evaluate the retroperitoneal space, and operator dependent
Limitations of the FAST exam
49
Stages of Shock
1. Compensated Shock 2. Decompensated Shock 3. Irreversible Shock
50
Types of Shock
1. Hypovolemic 2. Obstructive Shock 3. Cardiogenic Shock 4. Distributive Shock
51
Hypovolemic Shock
Etiology/Pathology: Hemorrhage / Whole-blood loss Burns / Plasmas loss, fluid shifts`
52
Obstructive Shock
Etiology / Pathology: - Cardiac tamponade / Compression of heart w/obstruction to atrial filling - Tension pneumothorax / Mediastinal shift w/obstruction to atrial filling - Tension hemothorax /combination of compression of the heart and mediastinal shift
53
Cardiogenic Shock
Etiology / Pathology: - Myocardial infarction / loss of cardiac contractility - Dysrhythmias / Reduced CO - Blunt cardiac trauma / Loss of cardiac contractility and dysrhythmias
54
Distributive Shock
Etiology/Pathology: - Spinal Cord Injury (Neurogenic shock) / loss of vaso -motor tone due to decreases in sympathetic control - Sepsis / mediated by sstemic inflammatory resonse syndrome with hypotension and perfusion abnormalities - Anaphylaxis / vasodilation of vessels due to immune reaction to allergens (release of histamine)
55
Cerbral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)
60-100 mmHg
56
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
50-150 mmHg
57
Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Normal is 0-15 mmHg
58
Effects of CO2 on Vasculature?
``` High CO2 (hypoventilation) = thin dilated vessels Low CO2 (hyperventilation) = thickened narrow vessels ```
59
Effects of CO2 on Vasculature?
``` High CO2 (hypoventilation) = thin dilated vessels Low CO2 (hyperventilation) = thickened narrow vessels ```
60
Increased in sympathetic discharge Fluid conservation by kidneys To maintain BP and CO
Compensated Shock (Stage I)
61
Cellular hypoxia Severe metabolic acidosis Multisystem failure
Irreversible Shock (Stage III)

Dysrhythmias (3 decks)

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