To memorise

Question 0

Gluconeogensis: Overcome steps 1+3

Answer 0

Glucose 6 phosphatase and fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase

Question 1

Regulatory enzymes in gluconeogenisis

Answer 1

PEPCK, and Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase

Question 2

Gluconeogenisis from pyruvate: Overcome step 10

Answer 2

Pyruvate carboxylase and PEPCK. Uses ATP and GTP

Question 3

Fatty acid synthesis regulator and control

Answer 3

Acetyl coA carboxylase
Activated by citrate, inhibited by AMP allosterically
Covalent modification with insulin dephosphorylating.

Question 4

Transamination

Answer 4

Aminotransferases- specific to each aa

Question 5

Deamination

Answer 5

L and D amino acid oxidases

Question 6

Glutaminase

Answer 6

Glutamine to glutamate and NH3

Question 7

Glutamate dehydrogenase+NAD+

Answer 7

a ketoglutarate, NADH, NH4+

Question 8

Phenylketonuria defect

Answer 8

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Phenylalanine -/-> tyrosine

Question 9

Homocystinuria defect

Answer 9

CBS enzyme

Homocysteine -/-> cystathionine

Question 10

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Answer 10

Ammonia+ a ketoglutarate –>a ketoglutarate

Question 11

Glutamine synthase

Answer 11

Glutamate and ammonia

Question 12

Glutaminase

Answer 12

Splits glutamine to glutamate and ammonia in the liver and kidney for urea synthesis.

Question 13

Hydrolysis dietary triacylglycerols

Answer 13

Pancreatic lipase

Question 14

Releases fatty acids from triacylglycerols in chylomicrons.

Answer 14

Lipoprotein lipase

Question 15

In lipoproteins convert surface lipids to core lipid to stabilise the structure.

Answer 15

LCAT

Question 16

Reacts superoxide species together to form oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.

Answer 16

Superoxide demutass

Question 17

Breaks down hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 17

Catalase

Question 18

Membrane bound enzyme involved in producing an oxidative burst in neutrophils and monocytes

Answer 18

NADPH oxidase

Question 19

How does NADPH work?

Answer 19

Produces superoxide radicals though the transfer of electrons from NADPH.

Question 20

Which drug is used to treat alcohol dependence and why

Answer 20

Disulphiram, inhibits aceytlaldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 21

Found in liver function tests in liver damage, often due to alcohol abuse.

Answer 21

Transaminase and gamma gluyamyl transpeptidase

Question 22

Paracetamol overdose treatment

Answer 22

N-acetyl cysteine, strong antioxidant

Question 23

Where is the body’s biological clock located

Answer 23

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 24

Used as a ACTH analogue for Addisons tests

Answer 24

Synthacen

Question 25

Used as an ACTH suppressant for Cushings test

Answer 25

Dexamethosone

Question 26

Carbizamole

Answer 26

Treats Graves Disease, inhibits the incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin by inhibiting thyroid peroxidase .

Question 27

Bones found in tendons

Answer 27

Sesamoid, they have no periosteum

Question 28

Responsible for the inappropriate reduction of galactose to galactitol

Answer 28

Aldose reductase