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STEP SNAPS > Tongue > Flashcards

Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular Hydrostat

A

Consist mainly of muscles with no skeletal support

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2
Q

Intrinsic Muscles

A

Both origin and insertion points of the muscle are located within the body of the tongue

Contraction: Causes deformation of the body of the tongue

Includes: Vertical, Transvers, Superior Longitudinal, and Inferior Longitudinal

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3
Q

Vertical

A

Fibers aligned vertically

Contraction: flattens the tongue

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4
Q

Transverse

A

Fibers aligned horizontally

Contraction: narrows and elongates

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5
Q

Superior Longitudinal

A

Fibers aligned along the length of the tongue

Contraction: shortens tongue and pulls tip upward

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6
Q

Inferior Longitudinal

A

Fibers aligned along the length of the tongue

Contraction: shortens tongue and pulls tip downward

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7
Q

Extrinsic Muscles

A

Either origin OR insertion points of the muscle are located within the body of the tongue

Contraction: Repositions the body of the tongue as a unit

Includes: Hyoglossus, Genioglossus, Palatoglossus, and Styloglossus

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8
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Courses between the tongue and the hyoid bone

Contraction: retracts and depresses tongue

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9
Q

Genioglossus

A

Courses between the tongue, mandible, and hyoid

Contraction:
Posterior portion: protrudes tongue
Anterior portion: retracts tongue
All fibers: lingual depression

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10
Q

Palatoglossus

A

Courses between the tongue and the soft palate

Contraction: retracts and elevates the tongue

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11
Q

Styloglossus

A

Courses between tongue and the styloid process

Contraction: retracts and elevates the tongue

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12
Q

Epithelium/Covering

A

Includes: Tastebuds, mucosa, lingual frenulum

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13
Q

Sensory Innervation: General vs. Special

A

General - pressure, touch, vibration, temperature (e.g. occurs throughout the body)

Special - dedicated organ with special receptors for a particular stimulus type (e.g. tongue, ears, eyes, and nose)

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14
Q

Sensory Innervation: Tongue Specific

A

Tongue has both types:
General: pressure/touch, temp, vibration
Anterior ⅔: Trigeminal - CN 5
Posterior ⅓: - Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

Special: taste
Anterior ⅔: Facial - CN VII
Posterior ⅓: Glossopharyngeal - CN IX

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15
Q

Swallowing Physiology

A

Bolus preparation and propulsion

Bolus efficiency and airway protection

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STEP SNAPS (3 decks)

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