tools for reviewing the medical literature

Question 1

NCT (National Clinical Trials)

Answer 1

unique identifier number assigned by clinicaltrials.gov once research protocol is submitted prior to study initiation

PURPOSE: to reduce publication bias (by only publishing positive results)

Question 2

DOI

Answer 2

(digital object identifier)

Question 3

CONSORT

Answer 3

CONsolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials

randomized interventional (clinical) trials

Question 4

PRISMA

Answer 4

Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (of multiple randomized trials)

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Question 5

STROBE

Answer 5

observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional)

STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology

Question 6

TREND

Answer 6

reporting evaluations with Non-randomized Designs of behavioral and public health interventions

Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomized Designs

Question 7

REMARK

Answer 7

tumor marker prognostic studies

REporting recommendations for tumor MARKer prognositc studies

Question 8

GRIPS

Answer 8

genetic risk prediction studies

Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies

Question 9

STARD

Answer 9

diagnostic studies

STAndards for the Reporting of Diagnostic accuracy studies

Question 10

QUADAS-2

Answer 10

systematic reviews of multiple diagnostic accuracy studies

QUality Assessment of studies of Diagnostic Accuracy in Systematic reviews (2nd ed)