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Dental Hygiene: Histology > Tooth Development > Flashcards

Tooth Development Flashcards

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1
Q

When does the primary dentition develop?

A

embryonic and fetal period

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2
Q

When does the permanent dentition develop?

A

fetal period (tooth germs are already there)

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3
Q

What is odontogenesis?

A

tooth development

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4
Q

What stages occur in odontogenesis (parallel stages of facial development)

A

Induction, Proliferation, Differentiation, Morphogenesis, Maturation

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5
Q

The initiation stage involves what process?

A

induction between mesenchyme and ectodermal tissues to initiate tissue development

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6
Q

Ectomesenchyme is formed from what?

A

neuroectoderm; influenced by neural crest cells (NCC)

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7
Q

What is the importance of the NCC?

A

development of the face, neck, and teeth
associated with Treacher-Collins

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8
Q

How is the dental lamina produces

A

the oral epithelium grows deeper into the mesenchyme

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9
Q

What clinical considerations may occur during the initiation stage?

A

anodontia (endocrine dysfunction)
ectodermal dysplasia (excess radiation)
supernumerary

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10
Q

What is the second stage of odontogenesis?

A

Bud stage/Proliferation

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11
Q

What occurs during the bud stage?

A

extensive proliferation of dental lamina into buds/masses into the ectomesenchyme

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12
Q

What two structures form the tooth germ?

A

dental lamina + ectomesenchyme

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13
Q

What clinical considerations may occur during the bud stage?

A

macrodontia
microdontia

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14
Q

What is the third stage of odontogenesis?

A

Cap stage (proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis)

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15
Q

During the cap stage, is the proliferation equal growth?

A

NO, unequal growth leading to cap shape

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16
Q

Cytodifferentiation

A

different cells

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17
Q

Histodifferentiation

A

different tissues

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18
Q

morphodifferentiation

A

different organs/structure shapes

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19
Q

all of the processes in the cap stage form the…

A

enamel organ (from ectoderm*)

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20
Q

ectomesenchyme forms the…

A

dental papilla first (dentin and pulp), the remaining forms the dental sac/follicle (cementum, PDL, bone)

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21
Q

The basement membrane between enamel organ and dental papillae will form what?

A

Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)

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22
Q

What three structures together form the tooth germ?

A

enamel organ, dental papilla, dental sac/follicle

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23
Q

How is development of adult anterior teeth initiated?

A

extension of dental lamina into ectomesenchyme lingual to developing primary tooth germ
known as “successional dental lamina”

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24
Q

Considering adult molars are non-succadaneous, how do they form?

A

posterior extensions of the dental lamina distal to the primary second molar

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25
What clinical considerations may occur during the cap stage?
dens in dente, gemination, fusion, tubercules
26
What is the fourth stage of odontogenesis?
Bell stage (proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis)
27
During the bell stage, differentiation results in how many different types of cell within the enamel organ?
4; OEE, IEE, STR, STRI
28
OEE
outer enamel epithelium; protective barrier
29
IEE
inner enamel epithelium; produces columnar cells which are future ameloblasts (enamel secreting cells)
30
Stellate Reticulum (STR)
star shaped cells forming a network (cell integrity)
31
Stratum Intermedium (STI)
compressed cuboidal cells, help support production of enamel
32
The outer cells of the dental papilla will form what?
odontoblasts (dentin secreting)
33
The central or inner cells of the dental papilla will form what?
primordium of the pulp
34
What are the final stages of odontogenesis?
Apposition and Maturation "Secretory stage" (Induction, proliferation, maturation)
35
When does maturation occur?
when the matrix of dental tissues is fully mineralized
36
What is reciprocal induction?
induction between ectodermal tissue of enamel organ and mesenchymal tissue of dental papilla and sac results in proliferation of cellular byproducts
37
What does the basement membrane do?
acts as a means of communication between the tissues, cellular interaction
38
What part of the bell shaped enamel organ forms the preameleoblasts?
IEE
39
What is reporlarization?
when nucleus of cell moves farthest away from basement membrane, this initiates odontoblasts to secret dentin, which then initiates amleoblasts to secret enamel
40
How are odontoblasts and the dentin matrix formed?
after IEE differentiates into preameleoblasts, outer cells of dental papilla are induced to reposition and repolarize, so odontoblasts will begin apposition of predentin (dentin matrix)
41
Which tooth tissue is laid down first?
dentin, than enamel (dentin slightly thicker than enamel matrix)
42
How are ameleoblasts formed?
basement membrane disintegrates between preameloblasts and odontoblasts, allowing contact which induces preameleoblasts to become ameleoblasts; ameleogenesis starts
43
What process secretes the enamel matrix?
Tome's process; angled part of ameleoblast
44
What are the clinical considerations regarding enamel development?
enamel dysplasia (Hutchinson's teeth, ameleogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta
45
When does the root develop?
AFTER the crown is completely shaped and erupted into oral cavity
46
What is responsible for root development?
cervical loop
47
What forms the cervical loop?
OEE and IEE
48
How is Hertwig's Root Sheath formed?
cervical loop grows deeper into surrounding ectomesenchyme of dental sac, elongates and moves away to enclose more of dental papilla, forming sheath
49
What is Hertwig's root sheath (HERS) responsible for?
shape of roots, decides if roots are curved, single or multi-rooted induces dentin formation in root area
50
How does root dentin form?
when outer cells of dental papilla undergo induction and differentiate into odontoblasts, induction occurs under influence of IEE and HERS
51
What causes epithelial rests of Malassez?
once root dentin is complete, basement membrane between IEE and odontoblasts disintegrate, along with sheath. Some sheath cells may become entrapped, can cause cyst or infection
52
How is cementum formed?
HERS disintegrates, allowing contact of root dentin with undifferentiated cells of dental sac, cementoblasts move to cover root dentin and lay down matrix (Cementoid)
53
As the matrix becomes mineralized, it is considered...
cementum
54
What forms where the basement membrane between the papilla and sac was located?
dentinocemental junction (DCJ)
55
What clinical consideration may occur during development of cementum?
concrescence
56
How are multi-rooted teeth formed?
originate as single root, root then divides into correct number of branches, differential growth of HERS cause multirooted teeth to divide into 2 or 3 roots. Elongation of cervical loop occurs, which develops long horizontal epithelial extensions, each extension represents a root
57
What clinical considerations may occur during root development?
enamel pearls, dilacerations, supernumerary roots
58
How is the PDL and alveolar bone formed?
ectomesenchyme from dental sac forms PDL and collagen fibers, as well as mineralizes tooth socket/alveolus of alveolar bone
59
Active eruption
actual vertical movement of tooth
60
Passive eruption
occurs with aging; gingival tissue recess making tooth appear longer, but there is no actual movement
61
What factors may play a role in eruption?
root growth, temporary ligament, vascular pressure, contractile collage, hormone signals *active eruption is not fully understood*
62
Explain the process of eruption
ameloblasts place accelular dental cutile on newly formed enamel, enamel organ layers compress forming REE (reduced enamel epithelium), formation of REE allows tooth to erupt, will give rise to junction epithelium
63
Explain the process of exfoliation
REE fuses with oral epithelium, enzymes from REE disitagrte central part of fused tissue, leaving epithelial tunnel for succedaneous tooth to erupt, coronal part of fused epithelium peels of crown, cervical part attached (created JE seal), succadenous tooth develops lingual to, osteoclasts absorb bone, odontoblasts absorb tooth tissues, and fibroblasts destroy collagen fibers Disintagration known as "teething" Intermittent shedding due to clast and blasts working at same time
64
What is the exception to permanent teeth developing lingual to shedding primary tooth?
Maxillary incisors; facially placed
65
Is the process the same for permanent eruption as primary teeth?
Yes; REE fuses with OE to create a tissue that disintegrates and leaves epithelial lined tunnel
66
What is Nasmyth's membrane?
Residue that forms on newly erupted teeth of both dentitions, extrinsically stains Made of OE and REE and dental cuticle Can be removed by scaling/polishing
67
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Dental Hygiene: Histology (6 decks)

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