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Top 100 Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Deltasone

A

Prednisone
Class: Corticosteroid (systemic)

Common purpose: endocrine disorders, rheumatic disorders, collagen disorders, dermatologic diseases, respiratory diseases, hematologist disorders, neoplastic diseases, edematous states, GI diseases, nervous system, organ transplantation, pulmonary diseases, renal conditions

Common strength: 1,5,10,20

Wf, as directed, may cause insomnia

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2
Q

Imitrex

A

Sumatriptan Succinate

Class: Serotonin receptor agonist (triptan)

Common purpose: acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura

Common strengths: 25, 50, 100

prn, SS (serotonin syndrome)

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3
Q

Antivert, Bonine, Dramamine

A

Meclizine (OTC also)

Class: Antiemetic/Antihistamine (1st generation)

Common purpose: Motion sickness, vertigo, N/V

Common strengths: 12.5, 12

OTC, prn

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4
Q

Zofran

A

Ondansetron HCl

Class: Antiemetic/ Selective 5-HT3 Antagonist

Common purpose: Prevention of N/V from chemo/radiotherapy and Post-op

Common strengths: 4, 8

prn, QT, SS

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5
Q

Proscar

A

Finasteride

Class: 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

Common Purpose: BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)

Common Strength: 5

qd

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6
Q

AccuNeb, ProAir, Proventil, Ventolin

A

Albuterol Sulfate

Class: Short-acting Beta-2 agonist (SABA)

Common Purpose: Acute bronchospasm, exercise-induced bronchospasm prophylaxis

Common strength: 90mcg

prn

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7
Q

Ambien, Ambient CR, Intermezzo

A

Zolpidem (controlled Rx)

Class: Non-benzodiazepine Hypnotic

Common Purpose: Ambien-insomnia short-term (onset); Ambien CR- insomnia (onset and/or maintenance); Intermezzo-insomnia middle-of-the night awakenings

Common Strengths: 5, 10

Controlled, Prn HS, MEDGUIDE, Sleep-driving

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8
Q

Singulair

A

Montelukast Sodium
Class: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist

Common Purpose: Asthma, exercise induced bronchospasms (EIB), allergisic rhinitis

Common strengths: 10

HS, MEDGUIDE, suicide risk

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9
Q

Zocor

A

Simvastatin
Class: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor

Common Purpose: Decreases TC, LDL, TG, ApoB, and increases HDL (lipids)

Common strengths: 10, 20, 40

qd

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10
Q

Lipitor

A

Atorvastatin
Class: HMG-CoA Reductase

Common Purpose: Decreases TC, LDL, TG, ApoB, and increases HDL (lipids)

Common strengths: 10, 20, 40

qd

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11
Q

Catapres, Catapres-TTS

A

Clonidine
Class: Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist

Common purpose: HTN, ADHD (ER only)

Common Strengths: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3

Rebound

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12
Q

Zanaflex

A

Tizanidine
Class: Alpha-2-adrenergic agonist

Common purpose: spasticity, muscle spasms

Common strengths: 2, 4

QT, Rebound, MCD (may cause drowsiness)

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13
Q

Tobradex

A

Tobramycin/dexamethasone
Class: Amioglycoside-corticosteroid (ophth)

Common purpose: inflammatory ocular infections

Common strengths: 0.3%/0.1%

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14
Q

Benicar

A

Olmesartan
Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)

Common purpose: HTN

Common strength: 5, 20, 40

qd

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15
Q

Diovan

A

Valsartan
Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)

Common Purpose: HTN, HF, post-MI w/left ventricular dysfunction, failure

Common strength: 40, 80, 160, 320

qd

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16
Q

Cozaar

A

Losartan
Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)

Common Purpose: HTN, HTN in LVH, nephropathy in Type 2D

Common Strength: 25, 50, 100

qd

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17
Q

Avapro

A

Irbesartan
Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)

Common Purpose: HTN, nephropathy in Type 2D

Common strengths: 78, 150, 300

qd

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18
Q

Lotensin

A

Benazepril
Class: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor

Common purpose: HTN

Common strengths: 5, 10, 20, 40

qd

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19
Q

Altace

A

Ramipril
Class: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor

Common purpose: HTN, HF post MI

Common strengths: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10

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20
Q

Vasotec

A

Enalapril
Class: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor

Common purpose: HTN, HF, Asymptomatic LVD

Common strengths: 2.5, 5, 10, 20

qd

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21
Q

Prinivil, Zestril

A

Lisinopril
Class: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor

Common purpose: HTN, HF, Acute MI

Common strength: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40

qd

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22
Q

Nitrostat

A

Nitroglycerin SL
Class: Antianginal/vasodilator

Common purpose: Acute prophylaxis or relief of Angina pectoris from CAD, chest pain

Common strength: 0.3, 0.4

prn, keep closed in glass bottle, call 911

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23
Q

Monoket, Imdur

A

Isosorbide mononitrate
Class: Antianginal/vasodilator

Common purpose: prevention and treatment (IR only) of angina pectoris due to CAD

Common strength: 20, 30, 60, 120

qd

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24
Q

Digox, Lanoxin

A

Digoxin
Class: Antiarrhythmic

Common purpose: HF, Afib

Common strength: 0.125, 0.25

qd

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25
Requip
Ropinirole Class: Dopamine agonist Common purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD), moderate-to-severe primary restless leg syndrome (IR only) Common strength: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Dopamine agonist, Meds, May cause compulsive behaviors/ behavioral changes, from simply buying lottery tickets to pathological gambling
26
Macrobid, Macrodantin
Nitrofurantoin monohydrate, Nitrofurantoin Class: Antibiotic Common purpose: UTI Common strength: 100 bid/qid, TAT, UG, WF
27
Augmentin
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid Class: antibiotic Common purpose: Lower respiratory infections, otitis media, sinusitis, SSTI, UTI Common strength: 250, 500, 875 bid/tid, TAT, UG, WF, Diarrhea
28
Amoxil
Amoxicillin Class: Antibiotic Common purpose: ear, nose, throat infection (pharyngitis/tonsillitis, otitis media, rhinosinusitis), GU tract infections, acute uncomplicated gonorrhea, H. pylori infections, lower respiratory infections, SSTI Common strengths: 250, 500 TID, TAT, UG
29
Penicillin VK
Penicillin Class: Antibiotic Common purpose: respiratory infections, SSTI, pharyngitis, gingivitis Common strengths: 250, 500 QID
30
Cleocin
Clindamycin HCl Class: antibiotic Common purpose: intra-abdominal infections, lower respiratory tract infections, septicemia, SSTI, pelvic/genital tract (female) infections Common strengths: 150, 300 TID/QID, WF, TAT, diarrhea
31
Z-Pak, Zithromax
Azithromycin Class: Antibiotic (macrolide) Common purpose: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP), Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Chronic bronchitis, COPD exacerbations, Sinusitis, Pharyngitis/tonsillitis, otitis media, SSTI, urethritis, cervicitis, genital ulcer disease, mycobacterium acid complex (MAC), tx, and prophylaxis Common strength: 250, 500 QT, TAT, UG, Sig: 2 tabs day 1, 1 tab next 4 days
32
E.E.S, Eryped
Erythromycin Class: antibiotic (macrolide) Common purpose: respiratory infections, SSTI, PID, diphtheria, erythrasma, syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, intestinal ambiasis, urethritis, legionnaires, listeriosis, pertussis, rheumatic fever prophylaxis Common strength: 250, 500, 333 Rarely used due to QT issues, sometimes used for gastroparesis (disease where stomach can't empty itself of food normally)
33
Flagyl
Metronidazole Class: Antibiotic (Nitroimidazole) Common purpose: amebiasis, septicemia, bone/joint infections, CNS infections, endocarditis, gynecologic infections, intra-abdominal infections, lower respiratory infections, SSTI, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis Common strength: 250, 500 WF, Avoid Alcohol
34
Pravachol
Pravastatin Class: HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor Common purpose: Decreases TG, LDL, ApoB, and increases HDL Common strength: 10, 20, 40 QD
35
Aveloc
Moxifloxacin HCl Class: Antibiotic (quinolone) Common purpose: CAP, complicated/uncomplicated skin infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, plague, acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Common strengths: 400 QD, QT issues, medguide
36
Levaquin
Levofloxacin Class: Antibiotic (quinolone) Common purpose: PNA (CAP and HAP), prostatitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, SSTIs, UTIs, pyelonephritis, anthrax (post-exposure, plague Common strength: 250, 500, 750 QD, QT issues, medguide
37
Cipro
Ciprofloxacin Class: Antibiotic (quinolone) Common purpose: UTI, cystitis, prostatic, lower respiratory infections, sinusitis, SSTI, bone/joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, infectious diarrhea, typhoid fever, gonorrhea, post-exposure anthrax, plague Common strengths: 500, 1000 BID, QT issues, medguide
38
Bactrim, Septra
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim Class: antibiotic (sulfonamide) Common purpose: UTI, otitis media, bronchitis, shigellosis, PJP, travelers diarrhea Common strengths: 800/160, 400/80 BID, TAT, UG, With H2O, watch for rash, Steven-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), can cause hyperkalemia, crystalluria
39
Vibramycin, Doryx, Oracea
Doxycycline Hyclate Class: Antibiotic (tetracycline) Common strengths: respiratory tract infections, malaria prophylaxis, chlamydia infections, urethritis, gonorrhea, syphillis, acne, anthrax (post-exposure), rickettsia infections, relapsing fever due to borrelia recurrentis, tularemia, cholera, listeriosis Common strengths: 50, 100 BID, sunlight, with H2O, do not lay down after, TAT, UG
40
Bactroban
Mupirocin Class: antibiotic (topical) Common purpose: ointment, impetigo cream, skin lesions Common strength: 2% Topical - rx only
41
Keflex
Cephalexin Class: Antibiotic (beta-lactam) Common purpose: bone infections, GU infections, prostatitis, otitis media, respiratory tract infections, SSTI Common strengths: 250, 500 TID/QID, TAT, UG
42
Omnicef
Cefdinir Class: Antibiotic (beta-lactam) Common purpose: CAP, bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, SSTI Common strength: 300 Q12H, Q24H
43
Ceftin
Cefuroxime Class: Antibiotic (beta-lactam) Common purpose: pharyngitis/tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, SSTI, UTI, gonorrhea, early Lyme disease Common strength: 250, 500 BID
44
Spiriva
Triotropium bromide Class: Anticholinergic agent Common purpose: asthma (Respimat only), COPD Common strength: 1.25 mcg or 2.5mcg Spiriva Respimat, QD
45
Atrovent
Ipratropium bromide Class: anticholinergic agent Common purpose: COPD Common strength: 17 mcg 2inh QID, max 12inh/day
46
Coumadin, Jantoven
Warfarin Class: anticoagulant/ vitamin K antagonist (VKA) Common purpose: Prophylaxis and tx of DVT, PE, Afib complications, cardiac valve replacement, recurrent MI or stroke Common strength: 1, 2, 2.6, 3, 4, 5, + others QD, medguide, avoid NSAIDS, bleeding risk
47
Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakote Sprinkles
Divalproex Sodium/Valproic acid Class: anticonvulsant Common purpose: acute tx or of maniac episodes of bipolar disorder (DR tab, ER), epilepsy, migraine prophylaxis (DR tab, ER) Common strength: 125, 250, 500 medguide
48
Keppra, Keppra XR
Levetiracetam Class: anticonvulsant Common purpose: epilepsy Common strength: 250, 500, 750, 1000 medguide
49
Crestor
Rosuvastatin Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Common purpose: Decreases TC, LDL, TG, ApoB, and increases HDL Common strength: 5, 10, 20, 40 QD
50
Flexeril
Cyclobenzaprine Class: skeletal muscle relaxant Common purpose: muscle spasm associated with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions Common strength: 5, 10 prn
51
Tylenol
Acetaminophen (otc) Class: Nonopioid analgesic Common purpose: pain reliever, fever reducer Common strength: 325, 500, 650 OTC
52
Voltaren
Diclofenac gel, OTC Class: NSAID, topical Uses: Temporary relief of arthritis pain in head, wrist, elbow, foot, ankle, knee Common strength: 1% 1% gel otc, tabs, caps, others rx only, medguide
53
Remeron
Mirtazapine Class: Antidepressant (alpha-2 antagonist) Uses: MDD Strengths: 15, 30, 45 Medguide, increases appetite
54
Wellbutrin, Wellbutrin Sr, Wellbutrin XR
Bupropion Class: Antidepressant (dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Uses: MDD (IR, SR, ER), smoking cessation (SR only), SAD (ER only) Strengths: 75, 100, 150, 200, 300 Medguide, causes insomnia, avoid HS dosing
55
Desyrel
Trazodone Class: antidepressant (serotonin reuptake inhibitor) Uses: MDD Strengths: 50, 100, 300 Also used for sleep, HS dosing is preferred
56
Imodium
Loperamide (otc) Class: antidiarrheal Uses: antidiarrheal Strength: 2
57
Pepto-bismol
Bismuth subsalicylate (otc) Class: antidiarrheal Uses: upset stomach reliever, antidiarrheal Strengths: 262, 525 Otc
58
Metamucil
Psyllium Class: antidiarrheal, laxative, bulk-producing Uses: relief of occasional, constipation Strengths: 2.4g Otc
59
Reglan
Meclopramide HCl Class: antiemetic Uses: GERD, diabetic gastroparesis Strengths: 5, 10 Medguide, avoid treatment with reglan for longer than 12 weeks because of increased risk of developing TD with longer-term use
60
Phenergan
Promethazine HCl Class: antiemetic/ antihistamine (1st gen) Uses: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, mild urticaria/angioedema, adjunctive to epinephrine in anaphylaxis, sedation, n/v associated with anesthesia/surgery, adjunct to analgesics to control post-op pain and nausea, motion sickness Strengths: 6.25mg/5ml , 12.5, 25, 50mg N/v, cough formulations with DM or cold
61
Atarax, Vistaril
Hydroxyzine, RX only Class: antiemetic/antihistamine (1st gen) Uses: symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension, pruritus, n/v, anesthesia premedication (sedation) Strengths: 10, 25, 50mg Qt issues, rx only, antihist
62
Compro, Compazine
Prochlorperazine maleate Class: antiemetic/antipsychotic Uses: severe n/v, schizophrenia Strengths: 5, 10, 25 (sup) Prn, n/v
63
Mycostatin
Nystatin Class: antifungal Uses: Candida albicans, cutaneous, or mucocutaneous infections (topical), non-esophageal mucus membrane GI candidiasis (oral) Strengths: 100,000 unit mL susp. Oral thrush is 1ml, taken 4 times a day
64
Nizoral (topical)
Ketoconazole Class: antifungal, nizoral anti-dandruff shampoo Uses: tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea veriscolor, candidiasis (cutaneous), seborrheic dermatitis Strengths: 2% Rx only = cream Tabs (qt issues/liver issues), 1% shampoo = otc Rx only = nizoral, 2% shampoo
65
Lotrimin
Clotrimazole Class: antifungal Uses: topical tx of candidiasis and tinea versicolor, tinea pedia, tinea cruris, tinea corporis (otc) Strengths: 1% Otc, cream
66
Diflucan
Fluconazole Class: antifungal Uses: vaginal candidiasis, oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis, candida, UTI, peritonitis, systemic candida infections, cryptococcal meningitis, candidiasis prophylaxis in pts undergoing bone marrow transplant Strengths: 100, 150, 200mg Rx only, qt issues
67
Percocet
Oxycodone HCl/ acetaminophen Class: opioid analgesic Uses: severe pain Strengths: 5/325 ; 7.5/325 ; 10/325 Controlled, medguide, prn, MCD, constipation, with food, avoid alcohol
68
Colcrys
Colchicine Class: antigout agent Uses: prophylaxis and treatment of gout flares, familial Mediterranean fever Strengths: 0.6 Medguide, with food, diarrhea
69
Zyloprim, Aloprim
Allopurinol Class: antigout (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) Uses: gout, patients receiving cancer therapy which causes elevations of serum and urinary uric acid levels, renal calculi Strengths: 100, 300 Qd
70
Banophen, Benadryl
Diphenhydramine OTC Class: antihistamine (1st gen) Uses: relieves symptoms due to hay fever, allergies, common cold, in many otc sleep products, motion sickness Strengths: 25, 50 Otc, HS for sleep, do not take more than 6 doses in 24 hrs for allergies, careful driving and opioids
71
Claritin
Loratadine, OTC Class: antihistamine, 2nd gen Uses: relieves symptoms due to hay fever or allergies Strengths: 10mg Otc, qd
72
Zyrtec
Cetirizine, OTC Class: antihistamine (2nd gen) Uses: relieves symptoms due to hay fever or allergies Strengths: 10mg Otc, qd
73
Apresoline
Hydralazine Class: antihypertensive, vasodilator Uses: HTN Strengths: 10, 25, 50, 100 TID, rx only
74
Maxitrol
Neomycin/Polymyxin B Sulfates/Dexamethasone Class: anti-infective/ steroid (ophth) Uses: inflamed and infected ocular conditions Strengths: 3.5mg; polymyxin B sulfate 10000 units/ml, dexamethasone 0.1%
75
Synthroid, Levoxyl
Levothyroxine sodium Class: hormone (thyroid) Uses: hypothyroidism, pituitary TSH suppression Strengths: 0.50, 0.75, 0.1, 0.125, + others QD
76
Norco, Vicodin
Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen Class: Opioid Analgesic Uses: moderate to moderately severe pain 5/325; 7.5/325; 10/325 Controlled, Medguide, With food, Avoid alcohol, constipation
77
Tylenol #2, 3, 4
Acetaminophen-Codeine Class: opioid analgesic Uses: mild to moderately severe pain Strength: Tylenol 3 w/codeine tablets = codeine 30mg and acetaminophen 300mg 2 = 15mg codeine, 4 = 50mg codeine Controlled, medguide, with food, avoid alcohol, constipation
78
Ditropan XL, Oxytrol
Oxybutynin Class: antimuscarinic Uses: overactive bladder Strengths: 5, 10, 15 qd, dry mouth, constipation
79
Ultram, Ultram ER
Tramadol, Tramadol ER Class: opioid analgesic Uses: pain (moderate/severe) Strengths: 50 Controlled, medguide
80
Bentyl
Dicyclomine HCl Class: antispasmodic, anticholinergic Uses: IBS Strengths: 10, 20 Dry mouth, constipation
81
Robitussin DM, Delsym
Dextromethorphan, OTC Class: Antitussive Uses: cough suppressant Strengths: 5mg/5mL; 30mg/5mL OTC, often with expectorant, also: dextromethorphan-guaifenesin
82
Valtrex
Valacyclovir Class: Antiviral Uses: cold sores, genital herpes, herpes zoster, chicken pox in patients aged 2 to <18 years Strengths: 500, 1000 q12H-q24H, renal dosing required, neurotoxicity Valtrex is an acyclovir prodrug - if you swallow it then it becomes acyclovir inside the body -- 200-400mg 2-5 times daily for 5 days or more.
83
Zovirax
Acyclovir Class: antiviral Uses: Herpes zoster, genital herpes, chickenpox Strengths: 200, 400, 800, cream, gel
84
Buspar
Buspirone Class: anxiolytic Uses: anxiety disorders, short-term anxiety, symptom relief Strengths: 5mg, 7.5mg, 10mg, 15mg, 30mg Non-controlled, not usually prn, BID-TID, in oral tabs (5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30), no medguide Usual maintenance dose: 15-30mg/day
85
Bayer Aspirin
Aspirin Class: NSAID Uses: pain reliever, fever reducer Strengths: 325mg, 81mg OTC
86
Tamiflu
Oseltamivir Phosphate Class: Neuraminidase inhibitor Uses: prophylaxis and treatment of influenza Strengths: 30mg, 45mg, 75mg -- liquid = 6mg/mL (30mg per tsp) Adults/teens = 75mg or 12.5mL bid in morning and evening for 5 days
87
Valium
Diazepam Class: benzodiazepine Uses: anxiety disorder, acute alcohol withdrawal management, skeletal muscle spasms, or seizure disorder adjunct Strengths: 2mg, 5mg, 10mg Controlled, medguide
88
Ativan
Lorazepam Class: benzodiazepine Uses: anxiety disorders Strengths: 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg Controlled, medguide
89
Xanax
Alprazolam Class: Benzodiazepine Uses: anxiety disorders, pain disorders Strengths: 0.25mg, 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg Controlled, Medguide
90
Klonopin
Clonazepam Class: benzodiazepine Uses: seizure disorder, panic disorder Strengths: 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg Indicated for seizures, controlled, medguides
91
Restoril
Temazepam Class: benzodiazepine, hypnotic Uses: insomnia (short-term) Strengths: 7.5mg, 15mg, 30mg Controlled, Medguide for sleep/insomnia, not for anxiety
92
Aleve, Naprosyn, Anaprox
Naproxen (Aleve is otc others are rx only) Class: NSAID Uses: Minor aches and pains (otc), OA, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, Juvenile RA, tendonitis, bursitis, acute gout, pain, primary dysmenorrhea Strengths: OTC =220mg, RX= 375, 500, 250mg OTC, tabs, rx also, medguide
93
Glucophage, Glucophage XR
Metformin Class: Biguanide Uses: Type 2 DM Strengths: 500, 1000, 850 DM, BID, Max 2000mg for most daily, always w/ food to prevent diarrhea
94
Fosamax, Binosto
Alendronate sodium Class: bisphosphonate Uses: osteoprosis, Paget's disease of bone Strength: 10, 70, 35 Always qAM, w/ H2O, do not lay down, Medguide, can cause: severe jaw bone problems (osteonecrosis)
95
Miralax
Polyethylene Glycol 3350 Class: Laxative, osmotic Uses: relief of occasional constipation Strengths: 17 grams OTC, laxative, take w/H2O
96
Procardia, Procardia XL
Nifedipine Class: Calcium Channel Blocker (Dihydropyridine) Uses: HTN, Angina (chronic/vasospastic) Strengths: 30, 60, 90 qd
97
Norvasc
Amlodipine Class: Calcium Channel Blocker (Dihydropyridine) Uses: HTN, CAD (angina, chronic prinzmetal; angiographically documented) Strengths: 5, 10 qd
98
Lotrel
Amlodipine/Benazepril Class: Calcium Channel Blocker (Dihydropyridine) + ACE-Inhibitor Uses: HTN Strengths: 2.5/10mg, 5/10mg, 5/20mg, 5/40mg, 10/20mg, and 10/40mg qd
99
Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Tiazec
Diltiazem ER Class: Calcium Channel Blocker (non-Dihydropyridine) Uses: HTN, Chronic Stable Angina Strengths: 120, 180, 240, 300, or 360mg qd
100
Plavix
Clopidrogel Class: antiplatelet Uses: ACS, PAD, recent MI or stroke, stroke prophylaxis Common Strength: 75 mg QD

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