Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Top 200 Drugs > Top 100 Drugs > Flashcards

Top 100 Drugs Flashcards

(35 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Abilify

A 
Aripiprazole
Dopamine system stabilizer 
ODT, tab, IM, liquid 
Hepatic metabolism 
Weight, waist, BP, FG, lipids 
ADR: HA, drowsy, constipation, akathesia, anticholinergic effects 
BBW: suicide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Accutane

A

Isotretinoin
Capsule; cystic nodular acne
Hepatic metabolism
Monthly pregnancy test; iPLEDGE
Inxn: retinoids, vit A
ADR: depression, incr TG, sun sensitivity, anemia, muscle pain
Do not donate blood until 30 days after stopping; avoid waxing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adderall (XR)

A 
amphetamine and dextroamphetamine salts 
Tablet, Capsule XR
Stimulates NE and Dopamine release 
Hepatic metabolism; Renal excretion 
MP: BP, ht, wt, growth, tolrnce, dpndnc
Inxn: MAOIs, anti-HTN, Meperidine, anti-psychotics 
CI: anorexia, GLAUCOMA, cardiac issues
ADR: poor appetite, anxiety, mood chng
BBW: high potential for abuse/depndnc
XR does not increase manic/psychosis events
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Advair

A 
Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Asthma/COPD) 
Diskus, Inhaler (ICS + LABA) 
Hepatic metabolism 
MP: BG, Pulmonary fxn tests, growth, K+
Inxn: MAOIs, B-agonist, B-blockers 
CI: acute bronchospasm 
ADR: oral thrush, chest pain, dizziness, cgh
PEd: avoid exposure to chknpox/measles; rinse mouth out after use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aspirin

A

Aspirin (ASA) - Mild-Moderate pain, inflammation, Fever, Coronary syndromes, RA
Inhibits COX1&2 irreversibly; inhbts plt aggregation
Hepatic metabolism; Renal excretion
MP: liver fxn
Inxn: ACE-I, SSRIs, SNRIs
ADR: N/V/GI discomfort, bleeding, bronchospasm, ulcer, tinnitus
CI: chldrn & teens with chknpox or flu sx for risk of Reyes syndrome; avoid while preg or brst feeding
PEd: tk with food or milk; avoid alcohol and other NSAIDs; tk with 8oz water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aldactone

A

Spironolactone (K+ sparing diuretic)
HTN, ascites, edema, HF
Hepatic metabolism; renal excretion
MP: SCr, BUN, CHEM-7, K and RENAL fxn in HF
Inxn: Eplerenone, ARB, ACE-I, Lithium
CI: DM nephropathy, anuria, renal failure
ADR: hyperK+, GYNECOMASTIA, GI upset
PEd: avoid dehydration; check BP; avoid high K+ food, Tx hirsutism in females
(will not cause acne, wt gain, decr libido)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Advil/Motrin/Caldolar

A

Ibuprofen (Caldolar is injection)
Inhibits COX1&2
Hepatic metabolism; highly protein bound
MP: CBC, LFTs, SCr, BUN
Inxn: sulfonylureas (hypoglycemia); FQ + NSAIDs incr risk of seizures!!; salicylates
CI: CABG
ADR: GI bleed/anemia; Tinnitus; ARF; esophagitis
PEd: avoid in 3rd trimester; but compatible for breast feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Alphagan P

A

Brimonidine (Ophthalmic solution)
Glaucoma - open angle; Ocular HTN
selective alpha-2 agonist
hepatic metabolism; renal excretion
Inxn: MAOIs, HTN meds
ADR: dry mouth, HA, blurred vision, light sensitivity, bitter taste
PEd: don’t blink or rub eyes; wait 10 mins before other eye meds; 15 mins before contacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Altace

A 
Ramipril (ACE-Inhibitor) 
HTN, HF 
hepatic metabolism; renal excretion 
MP: SCr, BUN, K+, Na+ 
Inxn: K+ sparing diuretics 
CI: Preg, breast feeding, Angioedema 
ADR: hyperkalemia, COUGH, ARF, dizziness, angioedema 
PEd: don't treat yourself for coughs/colds/pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Amaryl

A

Glimepiride (Diabetes)
stimulates pancreatic cells to incr insulin
Hepatic metabolism; renal elimination
MP: blood glucose
Inxn: fluconazole, rifampin, warfarin
CI: diabetic ketoacidosis, sulfa allergy, CrCl <22
ADR: hypoglycemia, wt gain, sun sensitive
PEd: tk with first meal of day; avoid alcohol; effects fasting glucose levels best

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ambien - Zolpimist - Edluar

A

Zolpidem (Insomnia)
Tablet, Oral spray, SL tab
Binds to & increases GABA transmission
Hepatic metabolism; Renal excretion
Inxn: caffeine, bupropion, SSRI, alcohol, sedative antihistamines
ADR: daytime drowsy, tolerance, dependnc, HA, STRANGE DREAMS, binge eating, rebound insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Amitiza

A

Lubiprostone (chronic constipation; IBS)
incr Cl intestinal fluid secretion facilitating stool passage
NO CYP metabolism or Monitoring
CI: bowel obstruction
ADR: N/V/D, HA, bloating, farts, abdm pain
PEd: tk with food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aranesp

A

Darbepoetin alpha (IV, SQ) - Anemia
stimulates erythropoiesis
MP: CBC, serum tests
Inxn: epoetin alpha, alcohol, androgens
BBW: incr risk of cardio events, mortality
ADR: HYPO/HTN, fatigue, N/V/D/C, infection, HA
PEd: do not shake solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Argatroban

A

Argatroban (IV) - Thrombosis - HIT, PCI
highly selective thrombin inhibitor; directly inhibits factor 2
Hepatic metabolism
MP: Hg, Hct, aPTT, Plts, SCr, Urinalysis
Inxn: ASA, NSAIDs, Hep, Warf, etc
CI: bleeding
ADR: chest pain, hypotension, GI/GU bleed, black tarry stools
PEd: monitor for bruising, avoid injury, MAY FALSELY ELEVATE INR 1-2 pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Aricept

A

Donepezil (tab, ODT) - Dementia/Alzheimers
Inhibits ACh breakdown
Hepatic metabolism; renal excretion
MP: neuro fxn, weight
CI: breast feeding, GI bleed, childrn, Jaund
ADR: dizziness, insomnia, N/D
PEd: usually take before bedtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Arimidex

Study These Flashcards
A

Anastrozole (breast cancer) - tablet
selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor
corticosteroids&aldosterone are NOT effected
Hepatic metabolism
MP: bone density, TC, LDL
Inxn: estrogen derivatives
CI: preg
ADR: vasodilation, fatigue, mood change, HA, pain, hot flashes, weakness, arthritis, cough, osteoporosis

17
Q

Arixtra

Study These Flashcards
A

Fondaparinux (SQ) - DVT, PE, STEMI
Direct factor Xa inhibitor; NO FACTOR 2 ACTIVITY! (Renal excretion)
MP: anti-Xa activity, SCr, blood work NOT TYPICALLY MONITORED unless preg/obese
Inxn: anticoagulants
CI: renal failure; CrCl < 30, wt <50kg
ADR: bleeding, fever, anemia, bruising
PEd: do not rub injection site, no antidote

18
Q

Asacol - Lialda - Apriso

Study These Flashcards
A

Mesalamine (enema, XR/DR capsules)
Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis; inflammatory suppressant; Renal excretion
MP: CBC and renal fxn
Inxn: Digoxin, antacids, H2 blockers, PPIs
CI: salicylate hypersensitivity
ADR: fever, rash, HA, D, abdm pain, alopecia, flatulence

19
Q

Ativan

Study These Flashcards
A

Lorazepam (IM, IV, tab, oral soln)
Anxiety, sedation, Status Epilepticus, EtOH detox, agitation
Enhances GABA
Hepatic metabolism, Renal excretion
(adjust for IV only in renal impairmnt)
MP: HR, BP, respiratory, anxiety
Inxn: EtOH, caffeine, OC, pain meds, theophylline, phenytoin, meds for anxiety
CI: COPD, closed<glaucoma, shock, sleep apnea, preg/BF
ADR: confusion, depression, hallucination, resp depression, dbl vision

20
Q

Augmentin XR

Study These Flashcards
A

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (tabs, chewbl, ER, oral susp) Gm + infections/anaerobes
B-lactam antibiotic w/ b-lactamase inhibtr
Hepatic metabolism; renal excretion(adjust)
MP: LFTs, SCr/BUN, anaphylaxis
Inxn: methotrexate, OC, anticoagulants
ADR: seizure, rash, Diarrhea, allergic rxn
PEd: tk with meal, finish full course of med

21
Q

Avelox - Vigamox

Study These Flashcards
A

Moxifloxacin (IV, tab, Opht drops-Vigamox)
Mild-mod CAP, MDR-pneumo; PINK EYE
resp. FQ; no renal or hepatic adjustmnts
MP: WBCs, LFTs, SCr
Hepatic metabolism
Inxn: metal cations(Mg), NSAIDs(seizure), antipsychotics, warfarin, anti-arrhythm
BBW: FQs associated w/ tendon rupture
ADR: N/D, dry eyes, Torsades, SJS, anemia, Liver failure, ARF, SEIZURE
PEd: don’t take antacids 4hrs b4 or 8hrs after, stay out of sun

22
Q

Bactrim (DS)

Study These Flashcards
A

Trim/Sulfa (IV, Susp, Tab)
UTIs, AOM, CA-MRSA, traveler’s diarrhea
MP: CBC, LFTs, SCr/BUN
Inxn: warfarin, carbamazepine, fluoxetine
CI: G6PD deficiency, children (kernicteris), BF, renal failure
ADR: HA, N/V/D, dizziness, loss appetite
PEd: tk with full glass of water, photosensitive, monitor glucose if diabetic

23
Q

Bactroban

Study These Flashcards
A

Mupirocin (topical ointment, intranasal oint)
MRSA colonization/skin lesion/nasal; Impetigo (Gm+ skin infections)
inhibits protein synthesis
ADR: dry skin, itching, HA
PEd: wash hands, ointmnt into nostrils and squeeze together

24
Q

Boniva

Study These Flashcards
A 
Ibandronate (Inj q3mon; tab q month)
osteoporosis tx and prevention
reduces VERTEBRAL fractures but NOT hip; decreases rate of bone resorption 
MP: Ca, Mg, Phos, SCr/BUN
Inxn: AMGs, antacids, NSAIDs, ASA
CI: vit D definciency, renal impairment 
ADR: N/D/C, HA, bone, muscle, joint pain
PEd: tk in morning b4 meal w/ full water; do not eat for 1hr
25
Buspar
Buspirone (tab) - GAD; best in bzd naive pts with anxiety, improves SSRI sexual dysfxn 5HT1a partial agonist; no GABA effect short acting, Hepatic metabolism; renal excretion; adjust for both! MP: mental status Inxn: warfarin, grapefruit juice, SSRIs, etc NOT ASSOCIATED W/ ABUSE OR WITHDRAWAL ADR: dizzy, drowsy, HA, N/V, nightmares PEd: tk w/ or w/o food; may tk 1-2 wks before improvement, NOT PRN!!
26
Byetta
``` Exenatide (SQ pen) ADJUNCT tx only!! used with metformin, TZD, sulfonylurea Major effect on post-prandial glucose SLOWS gastric emptying, WEIGHT LOSS MP: glucose, A1c, renal fxn Avoid in renal impairment ADR: acute pancreatitis, N/V/D, constipation DO NOT USE AS INSULIN SUBSTITUTE ```
27
Bystolic
Nebivolol (tablet) - HTN, Heart Failure, MI Beta-1 SELECTIVE blocker and nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation. (Slows HR & blocks NE/Epi) Adjust for renal and liver impairment MP: BP, EKG, BG, neurological status Inxn: alpha-1 blockers, alpha-2 agonists CI: severe HF, AV block, bradycardia ADR: fatigue, blunting effect, bronchospasm, bradycardia PEd: mask signs of hypoglycemia, hypotension, less likely to cause erectile dysfunction due to NO effects, report unusual weight gain
28
Cardizem (CD) - Cartia - Dilacor - Tiazac
Diltiazem (SR, ER cap, Inj soln, Inj powder) PO - HTN, ANGINA IV - Afib or atrial flutter, PSVT Prevents Ca from entering myocardial channels causing relaxation of smooth muscle = vasodilation; incr oxy delivery Hepatic metabolism; INHIBITS 3A4 Inxn: statins, ranolazine, cilostazol Contraindicated in HF due to LVSD ADR: bradycardia, HA, N/V/D, sexual dysfunction PEd: tk with or w/o food, avoid grapefruit, don't suddenly stop taking
29
Cardura (XL)
Doxazosin (ER tablet) - BPH, HTN alpha-1 blocker, High PB MP: BP, syncope Inxn: other alpha-blockers, NSAIDs, OC, MAOIs, sildenafil, BP meds, cold meds No role in HF ADR: HA, N, ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION - dose qhs, incr HDL PEd: avoid alcohol, priapism, may notice EMPTY SHELL of tablet in stool
30
Catapres
Clonidine (inj, tab, patch) - HTN stimulates alpha-2 receptors in brain, reduces sympathetic outflow, decr peripheral resistance, HR, renal resistance, BP; Decreases NE/EPI - SVR decreases due to vasodilation Hepatic metabolism (OK in renal failure) MP: BP, mental status, HR Inxn: alcohol, NSAIDs, BBs, barbs, diabetes meds, MAOIs, pain meds ADR: Depression, orthostasis, rebound HTN PEd: do not suddenly stop taking, need to taper, dry mouth
31
Celebrex
Celecoxib (capsule) - RA, osteoarthritis, mngmt of acute pain, tx of dysmenorrhea Decreases activity of COX-2 Excreted in urine and feces; substrate of 2C9 MP: CBCs, LFTs, SCr/BUN, stool guaiac Inxn: alcohol, ASA, cimetidine, warfarin ADR: C/D, dizziness, gas, heartburn, upset stomach, hard to swallow CI: CABG, sulfa, salycilate, or NSAID hypersensitivity unopposed COX-1 leads to vasoconstriction, thrombosis, plt aggregation = CV EFFECTS! PEd: tk in upright position, tk more than 10 mins b4 bedtime, avoid cigs and EtOH, avoid in 3rd trimester
32
CellCept
Mycophenolate (cap, tab, Inj, oral susp) Prophylaxis of organ rejection w/ cyclosporine & corticosteroids in renal, hepatic, cardiac transplants; LUPUS induction and maintenance phase T&B lymphocytes can't proliferate Hepatic metabolism MP: CBC, pregnancy test, sxs of infection, electrolytes Inxn: antacids, acyclovir, iron, OC, immunosuppressive meds CI: PREGNANCY X ADR: hyperglycemia - toxic to pancreatic beta cells, HA, N/V/D, anemia PEd: tk on empty stomach
33
Chantix
Varenicline (tab) - smoking cessation Stimulates DA activity to smaller degree than nicotine -> decr cravings & withdrawal Partial agonist at alpha4/beta2 receptor in brain Inxn: may alter PK properties of other drugs (warfarin, insulin, theophylline) *BBW: mood changes, depression, suicidal ideation ADR: abdm pain, N/C, dry mouth, HA, insomnia, changes in appetite PEd: start one week before quit date!, tk AFTER EATING
34
Cipro (XR)
Ciprofloxacin (inj soln, oral susp, ophthalmic oint/susp, ER tab) - Gm (-) infection, pseudomonas, FQ = incr risk of MRSA; Does not cover anaerobes, NOT for strep pneumo Inhibits DNA gyrase causes break of DNA MP: renal and hepatic fxn in long term tx Inxn: iron, Mg, Ca, caffeine, NSAIDs, warfarin, phenytoin ADR: N/D, HA, insomnia, dizziness, confusion PEd: tk with full glass water, do NOT tk with antacids, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg or dairy products, sun sensitivity, stay hydrated
35
Claritin (D)
Loratadine & (PSE) - allergic rhinitis sxs Non-sedating H1 blocker; antihistamine & decongestant w/ PSE Inxn: alcohol, caffeine, MAOIs, BBs, pain meds, reserpine, HIV meds CI: acute MI, cardiac issues, neonates ADR: cough, dry mouth, HA, nervousness, difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite

Top 200 Drugs (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions