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top 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what renal anomaly is scimitar syndrome associated with

A

horseshoe lung - posterior right and left lung are fused

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2
Q

how many fluid fluid levels are there in cecal vs sigmoid volvulus

A

cecal volvulus has one fluid level as opposed to sigmoid which has 2 fluid levels

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3
Q

what is the dose of thrombin to give for a pseudo aneurysm

A

500-1000 units

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4
Q

what are the branches of the common femoral artery

A

deep femoral (profounda) and superficial femoral

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5
Q

what does the liver look like in budd chiari

A

nutmeg liver: central not peripheral enhancement and hyper plastic nodules (enhancing)

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6
Q

what is lobar nephronia

A

echogenic renal mass with increased color flow - intermediate btw acute pyelo and renal abcess

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7
Q

what are the diffs btw native AV fistula vs artificial dialysis graft

A

Native AV fistula: more durable and better longevity than artificial graft, but take longer to mature. Native fistula is end to side anastomosis, artificial graft is end to end anastomosis.

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8
Q

what vein persists in duplicated IVC? what vein persists in left SVC?

A

left supra cardinal vein. in left SVC it is persistence of left anterior cardinal vein.

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9
Q

what is the size of microspheres used in UAE?

A

500-700 micrometers

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10
Q

what is seen in the optic nerves in NMO? what is the treatment?

A

swollen optic nerves, hyperintense on T2 with increased enhancement bilaterally. Rx: Rituximab

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11
Q

what suture is prematurely closed in pointed forehead?

A

metopic suture - trigonocephaly

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12
Q

what is brachycephaly

A

premature closure of bicoronal or bilambdodid sutures with decreased AP diameter

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13
Q

what type of salter harris fracture is SCFE

A

type 1

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14
Q

what is von meyenberg complex

A

biliary hamartomas, see comet tail artifact

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15
Q

what renal disease is carols disease associated with?

A

medullary sponge kidney and ADPKD

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16
Q

what is the definition of power

A

probability that a type 2 error is avoided (type 2 error: study fails to reject null hypothesis when it is false)

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17
Q

what can a static magnetic field cause on EKG

A

augmentation of T waves

18
Q

what does rapid gradient switching cause to a patient in MRI scanner

A

tingling/twitching arms due to peripheral nerve stimulation and thermal injury and skin skin interfaces

19
Q

what are the parameters for liver transplant

A

age less than 65, 1 tumor less than 5 cm, up to 3 tumors less than 3 cm

20
Q

what is the definition of diamagnetic and what are examples of diamagnetic substances

A

it opposes B0 and examples are calcium and water

21
Q

what are paramagnetic agents

A

weakly attracted to B0, Gd and deoxyhb are examples

22
Q

what is ferromagnetic agents

A

strongly attracted to B0, iron and cobalt

23
Q

what is the next step for an adrenal mass in a patient with history of cancer

A

FDG PET or biopsy

24
Q

what are hyper vascular mets to the liver

A

renal, thyroid, melanoma, NE tumors, pancreatic islet cell tumors

25
Q

what happens to SNR as u increase b value in DWI imaging

A

decreases SNR

26
Q

what are causes for delayed bowel visualization on HIDA

A

morphine or CCK before the exam, chronic cholecystitis, CBD obstruction, SBO

27
Q

what is the treatment for pituitary apoplexy

A

steroids

28
Q

what is diastomyelia? diplomyelia?

A

diasto: split cord, diplo: duplicated cord

29
Q

what is the artery that feeds a gloms jugulare

A

ascending pharyngeal

30
Q

what artery and nerve can be injured in subtler dislocation?

A

posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve

31
Q

what is the definition in time frame to call non union of a fracture

A

6 months

32
Q

what is the #1 cause of budd chiari

A

idiopathic

33
Q

what is the size criteria for giant hemangioma?

A

4 cm

34
Q

what does the hypoechoic halo seen on ultrasound in “target lesion” signify?

A

edema

35
Q

what are causes of liver capsular retraction?

A

cholangioca, hemangioendothelioma, schirrous breast mets (pseudocirrhosis)

36
Q

what are the most common mets to the spleen?

A

melanoma

37
Q

what organ is missing in patients after liver transplant?

A

gallbladder

38
Q

what is the mgmt for GB polyps 5-10 mm and those more than 10 mm?

A

5-10 mm, follow. more than 10 mm: surgery

39
Q

what gender is gangrenous cholecystitis more common in? GB carcinoma?

A

gangrenous: men GB ca: women

40
Q

is there vascular flow seen in GB ca and polyps

A

no

top 3 ddx (1 decks)

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