ToP FINAL

Question 1

A quality or dimension of experiencing life and ourselves. It has to do with depth, value, relatedness, hearth and personal substance.

Answer 1

Mirror Neurons

Question 2

An approach that emphasizes personal growth, resilience, and the achievement of human potential. Grew out as an alternative to psychoanalysis.

Answer 2

Behaviorism

Question 3

A position in which a child needs to adapt to the outer world too soon-before the authentic self is “solid”/child loses touch with own subjectivity

Answer 3

Impingement

Question 4

“Being” in the world, who you are in relation to life

Answer 4

Dasein

Question 5

Characterized by a lifelong pattern of irresponsible, antisocial behavior such as lawbreaking, violence, and other impulsive, restless acts. This includes deceitfulness, and reckless disregard for safety of self and others.

Answer 5

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 6

A follower of Sigmund Freud who broke with his teacher over the fundamental point of what motivates or drives human behavior. Believed that social interaction was the driving force behind behavior and the development of the personality.

Answer 6

Erik Erikson

Question 7

A process in which “the client is one who comes actively and voluntarily to gain help on a problem but without any notion of surrendering his own responsibility for the situation.”

Answer 7

Client-Centered Therapy

Question 8

Theory that affirms that each existence is unique; we cannot generalize experiences, allow for the examination of the experiencing individual, and states that you are responsible for creating/finding meaning in your life.

Answer 8

Existential-Phenonmological

Question 9

A Kleinian concept in which unconscious thoughts and wishes that were not necessarily reality are considered real, creates the world of the imagination

Answer 9

Depressive Position

Question 10

A process in which clients learn to explicitly identify and accept whatever negative thoughts and feelings arise, without trying to eradicate them or letting them derail healthy behavior

Answer 10

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Question 11

Coined the term “good enough” parenting and part of the object relations school of thought

Answer 11

Donald Winnicott

Question 12

The association between environmental stimuli and the organism’s responses

Answer 12

Conditioning

Question 13

Rare moments of rapture caused by the attainment of excellence or the experience of beauty

Answer 13

Peak Experiences

Question 14

An approach to psychology that emphasizes the study of observable behavior and the role of the environment as a determinant of behavior

Answer 14

Humanistic Theory

Question 15

A state in which the infant feels that he is the all-powerful center/his or her wish makes things happen

Answer 15

Subjective Omnipotence

Question 16

A ground of being that contains all opposites in potentiality and is the deepest layer of the unconscious

Answer 16

Unitary Reality

Question 17

A process in which the personality is being reorganized to become more solid to allow a stronger foundation for the archetypal energy to flow through

Answer 17

Centroversion

Question 18

An extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions and irrational behavior

Answer 18

Psychosis

Question 19

Believed that behavior is explained by looking outside the individual and that free will is an illusion

Answer 19

Ivan Pavlov

Question 20

Defined as that which causes an individual great suffering, impairs a person’s ability to get along with others, and endangers others or the community

Answer 20

Mental Disorder

Question 21

The first to describe and document the form of learning what we now call classical conditioning

Answer 21

B. F. Skinner

Question 22

A disorder in which others “are used and then discarded, disposed of, or recycled as if they were nothing more than a ballpoint pen or a plastic bottle… other people as well as oneself have become disposable or reusable items.”

Answer 22

Narcissistic Behavioral Disorder

Question 23

The subjective experience of another person who is necessary to hold one’s sense of self, keeps us “glued”

Answer 23

Self Object

Question 24

Erikson believed that the social environment combined with biological maturation provides each individual with a set of “crises” that must be resolved

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Erick Neumann saw the artist as “driven to rediscover, reawaken, and give form to this world” and “ex-presses and gives form to the future of his epoch”

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Winnicott’s theory sees the self as forming incompletely and it forms with varying degrees of cohesiveness or fragmentation based on interactions with early caregivers. Views the human condition as one of incompleteness which is the root of suffering

Answer 26

False

Question 27

A ritualization occurs when a ritualism has become empty of meaning, is now a practice or a “going through the motions.”

Answer 27

True

Question 28

In negative reinforcement something unpleasant is removed.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Melanie Klein sees love as restraining aggressive drives not the mortality of the Superego.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

________ believed that the soul asserts itself because it may need our attention and that the cure for symptoms comes from love and not logic.

Answer 30

Thomas Moore

Question 31

In _____ theory, the focus is on the interiority of the client, the interrelationship between client and therapist and the feeling states that the client endures.

Answer 31

Kleinian

Question 32

________ conditioning forms an association between behaviors and the resulting events

Answer 32

None of the above

Question 33

Maslow’s ideas of the healthy personality includes ___________

Answer 33

All of the above

Question 34

In ______ something pleasant is removed.

Answer 34

Positive punishment

Question 35

Rogers fully functioning person includes ________

Answer 35

An individual who is open to experiencing one’s feelings

Question 36

__________ is a process in which one strives for a life that is meaningful, challenging, and satisfying.

Answer 36

None of the above

Question 37

Self-actualization

Answer 37

achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities

Question 38

Intimate relationships, friends

Answer 38

Belongingness and Love Needs

Question 39

Physiological Needs

Answer 39

Fresh water, warmth, rest