Top1 Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the difference between computer organization and computer architecture?
Computer organization is about internal components and their interactions, while computer architecture refers to the overall design and structure of a computer system.
What does computer organization focus on?
Computer organization focuses on hardware details, functionality, and performance.
In the car analogy, what does computer organization represent?
Understanding the engine, transmission, and wheels, and how these parts work together.
What does computer architecture involve?
Design principles, goals, and capabilities of the computer system, such as speed, efficiency, and cost.
In the car analogy, what does computer architecture represent?
Designing a new car model, deciding on features, performance, and engine type.
What are the key components covered in a Computer Organization and Architecture course?
- Computer Hardware Components
- Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
- Memory Systems
- Pipelining and Parallelism
- Instruction Execution Cycle
- Microarchitecture
- I/O Systems
- System-Level Organization
- Performance Evaluation
- Emerging Trends
What is software?
A set of instructions that tells the computer what to do, when to do it, and how to do it.
What are the two main types of translators?
- Compiler
- Interpreter
What is binary code?
A system of ones and zeroes used by computers to communicate and process information.
Define an algorithm.
A set of instructions or steps that a computer program follows to solve a problem or complete a task.
What is the difference between hardware and software?
Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, while software refers to the programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
What are the types of computers?
- Personal computers (PCs) / Microcomputers
- Servers / Minicomputers
- Mainframes
- Supercomputers
- Embedded Systems
- Wearable Computers
What is the role of the processor in a computer?
The processor carries out all the instructions and calculations required by the system.
What is RAM?
Random Access Memory that holds program instructions and data required for processing.
What is the function of the ALU?
Performs basic arithmetic, comparisons, and logical operations.
What is the control unit responsible for?
Directing the flow of instructions and data within the CPU.
List the advantages of computers.
- Increased efficiency and productivity
- Storage and organization of information
- Improved communication
- Access to information and resources
- Automation of repetitive tasks
List the disadvantages of computers.
- Dependence on technology
- Security risks
- Social isolation
- Environmental impact
- Job displacement
What are high-level programming languages?
Languages that use English-like statements to write computer instructions.
What is a low-level programming language?
A language that is closer to system hardware and requires knowledge of hardware to write instructions.
Fill in the blank: A programming language provides a way of writing computer instructions that are used to perform a specific _______.
task
True or False: High-level languages require hardware knowledge to write instructions.
False
What are the two main categories of programming languages?
High-level languages and low-level languages
What is the primary difference between low-level languages and high-level languages?
Low-level languages are closer to system hardware and require hardware knowledge, while high-level languages are machine independent and do not require such knowledge
