Topic 1

Question 1

What are the four main types of biological molecules?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 2

True or False: Proteins are made up of amino acids.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The basic unit of carbohydrates is called a ________.

Answer 3

monosaccharide.

Question 4

What is the primary function of lipids in biological systems?

Answer 4

Energy storage and membrane formation.

Question 5

Which type of biological molecule serves as the genetic material in living organisms?

Answer 5

Nucleic acids.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A) Enzyme catalysis B) Energy storage C) Structural support D) Genetic information

Answer 6

D) Genetic information.

Question 7

What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?

Answer 7

Peptide bond.

Question 8

True or False: Saturated fats contain one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains.

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The two main types of nucleic acids are DNA and ________.

Answer 9

RNA.

Question 10

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Answer 10

To speed up the reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which carbohydrate is commonly known as table sugar? A) Glucose B) Fructose C) Sucrose D) Lactose

Answer 11

C) Sucrose.

Question 12

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 12

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Question 13

True or False: Lipids are soluble in water.

Answer 13

False.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called ________.

Answer 14

transcription.

Question 15

Which type of lipid is the main component of cell membranes?

Answer 15

Phospholipids.

Question 16

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 16

To synthesize proteins.

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a polysaccharide? A) Glucose B) Glycogen C) Fructose D) Sucrose

Answer 17

B) Glycogen.

Question 18

What are the two main types of nucleotides found in nucleic acids?

Answer 18

Purines and pyrimidines.

Question 19

True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.

Answer 19

False.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The secondary structure of a protein is often stabilized by ________ bonds.

Answer 20

hydrogen.

Question 21

What is a characteristic feature of unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 21

They contain one or more double bonds.

Question 22

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates? A) Energy storage B) Insulation C) Genetic information D) Hormone signaling

Answer 22

A) Energy storage.

Question 23

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Answer 23

The overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide.

Question 24

True or False: All amino acids are identical except for their side chains.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The backbone of DNA is made up of alternating sugar and ________ molecules.

Answer 25

phosphate.

Question 26

What is the purpose of the double helix structure of DNA?

Answer 26

To provide stability and protect genetic information.

Question 27

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of lipids? A) Providing energy B) Serving as enzymes C) Transporting oxygen D) Storing genetic information

Answer 27

A) Providing energy.

Question 28

What are enzymes made of?

Answer 28

Proteins.

Question 29

True or False: RNA is usually double-stranded.

Answer 29

False.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The process by which RNA is translated into a protein is called ________.

Answer 30

translation.

Question 31

What type of carbohydrate is starch?

Answer 31

A polysaccharide.

Question 32

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the main energy source for cells? A) Lipids B) Proteins C) Carbohydrates D) Nucleic acids

Answer 32

C) Carbohydrates.

Question 33

What is the primary role of cholesterol in the body?

Answer 33

To maintain cell membrane structure and fluidity.

Question 34

True or False: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose in animals.

Answer 34

True.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the ________ of proteins.

Answer 35

sequence.

Question 36

What is a key difference between DNA and RNA?

Answer 36

DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose.

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a protein? A) Hemoglobin B) Insulin C) Starch D) Collagen

Answer 37

C) Starch.

Question 38

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Answer 38

Nucleotides.

Question 39

True or False: All biological molecules are made up of carbon.

Answer 39

True.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The main component of plant cell walls is ________.

Answer 40

cellulose.

Question 41

What is the role of ATP in cells?

Answer 41

To provide energy for cellular processes.

Question 42

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of proteins? A) Energy storage B) Genetic coding C) Catalyzing biochemical reactions D) Structural support

Answer 42

C) Catalyzing biochemical reactions.

Question 43

What is the importance of the quaternary structure of proteins?

Answer 43

It involves the assembly of multiple polypeptide chains into a functional protein.

Question 44

True or False: All enzymes are proteins.

Answer 44

True.