Topic 1 Flashcards
who said that health is “a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
WHO
It encompasses the artistic and scientific practices aimed at preventing disease, enhancing well-being and extending lifespan
public health
so whose defintion of public health said na it is a combination of scientific and artistic practices aimed to prevent disease, and enhance well-being, and extend lifespan
Dr. C.E. Winslow
who said that public health is the practiceof utilizing scientific knowldege within the realm of politics to decrease health disparities while simultaneously promoting optimal health for the largest population
World Health Organization
he hihglighted the importanc eof illness prevention, life extension, and promotion of human health through well-coordinated initiatives and informed decisions
made by society.
Acheson’s 1988
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified
populations, and the application of this study to control health problems.
Epidemiology
Factors that influence an individual’s or population’s health, which can include
biological, socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, or social in nature.
determinants of health
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
through lifestyle changes.
Health promotion
The continuous, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data
needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice.
surveillance
An occurrence of a disease greater than would otherwise be expected at a particular time and
place.
outbreak
An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large
number of people.
pandemic
The attainment of the highest level of health for all people, with a focus on removing
disparities and inequalities in health status due to factors such as race, gender, income, or geographic location.
Health Equity
Conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work,
play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
Social determinants of health
Illnesses caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or
parasites that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.
communicable diseases
Diseases not passed from person to person, often chronic in nature, such
as heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung diseases.
non communicable diseases
The branch of public health that focuses on the relationships between people and
their environment, promotes human health and well-being, and fosters healthy and safe communities.
environmental health
Decisions, plans, and actions undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a
society.
Health policy
this posits that health behavior is influenced by an individual’s own beliefs and perceptions
regarding an illness or health issue, as well as their understanding of the available measures to mitigate its
occurrence.
Health Belief Model
developed in 1986, is an international agreement that advocates for
a holistic view of health, emphasizing the need for health equity, empowerment of individuals and communities,
and the necessity of enabling environments for health.
Ottawa charter
enumerate the pre-requisites of health according to the ottawa charter
P- PEACE
S - SHELTER
E - EDUCATION
F - FOOD
I - INCOME
A - A STABLE ENVIRONMENT
S - SUSTAINABLE RESOURCES
S - SOCIAL JUSTICE
E - EQUITY
in what year did ancient greeks, and ancient romans demonstrate a strong understanding of public health
500 bce
what did the romans build to transport water in a sanitary way
AQUEDUCTS
what was the sewage system in rome called
cloaca maxima
this was instituted in the UK to address the environmental and sanitary health concers
Public health act of 1848
