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SPORT SCIENCE > Topic 1 Anatomy > Flashcards

Topic 1 Anatomy Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What is the purpose of the Axial Skeleton

A

The main function of the axial skeleton is protection

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2
Q

What is the main function of the appendicular skeleton

A

The main function is movement

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3
Q

What are the three types of muscles

A

Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth muscles

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4
Q

What is origin

A

The attachment of a muscle tendon to a stationary bone

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5
Q

What is insertion

A

The attachment of a muscle tendon to a moveable bone

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6
Q

What are the six main functions of the skeleton

A

Protection, Support and Structure, Movement, Storage and release of minerals, blood cell production and storage of energy

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7
Q

Characteristics of muscles

A

Contractibility, Extensibility, Elasticity, Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Nerve stimuli and Fed by capillaries

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8
Q

What is atrophy and hypertrophy

A

Atrophy- Muscle wastage caused by lack of physical activity

Hypertrophy- Growth and increase of muscle size as a result of training

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9
Q

What is contractibility

A

Contractibility- The muscles contracts and generates force when stimulated by nerve

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10
Q

What is extensibility

A

The ability for muscle to extend beyond resting rate

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11
Q

What is elasticity

A

The muscles ability to return to resting length

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12
Q

Cardiac muscle factors

A

Heart muscles
Involuntary control
Striated muscle

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13
Q

Smooth muscle factors

A

Lines walls of organs and blood vessels
Involuntary
Not striated

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14
Q

Skeletal muscle factors

A

Voluntary control
Striated appearance
Tendons attach muscle to bone

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15
Q

Types of Joints

A

Hinge joint, Pivot Joint, Ball and socket joint, Condyloid joint, Saddle joint and Gliding joint

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16
Q

Example of hinge joint

A

Elbow

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17
Q

Example of ball and socket joint

A

Shoulder

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18
Q

Example of Condyloid joint

A

Wrist

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19
Q

Gliding Joint example

A

Ankle

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20
Q

Saddle Joint example

A

Thumb

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21
Q

Function of long bone

A

Provide strength, structure and mobility

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22
Q

Function of short bone

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A

Provide stability and fine movements

23
Q

Function of flat bones

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A

Protect internal organs

24
Q

Function of irregular bones

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A

More complexed shapes

25
What is a joint
Where 2 or more bones come into contact with each other
26
What is a Tendon
A connective tissue that connects muscles to bones
27
What is a ligament
Connects two bones
28
What is Cartilage
Resilient elastic tissue that covers the end of long bones reducing friction
29
What are the three types of joints
Synovial joints, Fibrous joints and Cartilaginous joints
30
Synovial Joint
The most common joint and is most important joint for mobility eg knee
31
Fibrous joints
Connects the edge of 2 bones allowing for no movement eg skull
32
Cartilaginous joints
Allow for little movement and absorb shock eg Pelvis
33
Inferior
Below/further away from head
34
Superior-
Closer to your head
35
Distal
Further away from where limb attached to body
36
Proximal
nearer to where a limb is attached to the body
37
Posterior
anything on the back half of the body
38
Anterior
Anything on the front half of the body
39
Internal
Inside the body
40
External
Outside the body
41
Lateral
Further away from the midline of the body
42
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
43
DRAW A LONG BONE
44
DRAW A SYNOVIAL JOINT
45
DRAW THE STRUCTURE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
46
Main function Protection
Protects soft tissue and vital organs
47
Main function- Support and structure
Provides framework for the body
48
Main function movement
Area for muscles to attach with tendons and joints allow different types of movement.
49
Main function- Red cell production
Red blood cells carry oxygen to working muscles
50
Main function-n- Storage of energy
Lipids are stored in bone marrow
51
Main function- Storage and release of minerals
Bones store and release essential minerals contributing to bodily functions released into blood
52
Examples of long bones
Femur, Humerus and Ulna
53
Example of flat bones
Skull, Ribs
54
Example of short bones
Carpals and Tarsals

SPORT SCIENCE (19 decks)

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