Topic 1 - Atoms, Elements and Compounds Flashcards
What is an atom?
The smallest part of a chemical element that can exist.
What is the relative mass of each particle?
Proton - 1. Neutron - 1. Electron - 0 (or very small)
What is the charge of each particle?
Proton : +1. Neutron : 0. Electron : -1
What is an element?
A substance made up of atoms with the same number of protons.
What is an isotope?
A different form of an element - it has a different number of neutrons
Balance this equation. Mg + O2 –> MgO
2Mg + O2 –> 2MgO
What is a compound?
Substances formed from two or more elements.
Give the formula for the following compounds:
Carbon Dioxide, Sodium chloride, Hydrochloric acid, Ammonia and Surfuric acid.
CO2, NaCl, HCl, NH3 and H2SO4
What is the atomic mass number?
The amount of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of the atom.
What is an ion?
A charged particle that is formed when an atom, or group of atoms, loses or gains electrons.
What is the only way to separate a compound?
Via a chemical reaction.
What are the half equations for the electrolysis of sodium chloride?
Cathode - 2H+ + 2e- –> H2
Anode - 2Cl- –> Cl2 + 2e-
Write the ionic equation for the electrolysis of Sodium chloride
2H+ + 2Cl- –> H2 + Cl2
