TOPIC 1- CELL BIOLOGY Flashcards
Name 5 subcellular structures that both plants and animals have
1- nucleus 2- cytoplasm 3- cell membrane 4- mitochondria 5- ribosomes
what is the equation for magnification
magnification = image size / real size
describe the microscopy practical
clip the slide you’ve prepared onto the stage , select the lowest powered objective lens , use the coarse adjustment to just below the objective lens , look down the eye piece and move the eye piece until roughly in focus , adjust the focus until its a clear image ,if you need to see in greater depth increase the objective lens power and refocus
how are … adapted sperm cell nerve cell muscle cell root hair cell phloem and xylem
sperm cell- long tail , streamlined body , lots of
mitochondria for energy
nerve cell - long , and have branched connections , and
form a network in you body
muscle cell - long , lots of mitochondria
root hair cell - big surface area
what is the cell cycle
Growth & DNA replication - 1 DNA spreads out in long
strings , increase the amount of subcellular structures, then it duplicates its DNA for each new cell
Mitosis - the chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell , membranes form around each set of chromosomes , lastly the cytoplasm and cell membrane divide .
binary fission …
… binary fission is the replication of prokaryotic cells
stem cells pros and cons
pros : can be used to replace faulty cells in sick people
cons : shouldn’t be used for experimenting as each embryo is a possible life
diffusion is
the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
osmosis is
the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration
active transport is
movement of particles against concentration gradient from low concentration to high concentration
