Topic 1 - Covalent bonds

Question 1

Dative covalent bonding

Answer 1

Specific example of a covalent bonds

Also known as co-ordinate bonding

Both electrons in the bond come from one atom, often called the LONE PAIR of electrons

Once a dative bond is formed, it is not different to a normal covalent bond

Question 2

Covalent Bond

Answer 2

Share electrons to get a full outer shell

The covalent bonds between the atoms are strong

These elements are gases at room temperature because there are only very, very weak intermolecular forces between one molecule and the next

Question 3

How to draw dative bond

Answer 3

Draw out the separate species

Identify the donor atom, with the lone pair of electrons

Draw out together (like covalent)

Don’t forget the brackets, charge and arrow identifying the donor atom

Question 4

WHAT HOLDS COVALENT BONDS TOGETHER?

Answer 4

The electrostatic force of attraction between the positive nucleus of one atom and the negative electrons of another

Question 5

Tetrahedral

Answer 5

Carbon compounds form a structure based on tetrahedral shapes

Each carbon is bonded to 4 other atoms

Each bond is as far away from the next as it can be

Question 6

Bond strength Vs bond length

Answer 6

The longer the bond length, the weaker the bond