Topic 1 - Introduction Flashcards
What does OD stand for?
Organization development
What can OD help an organization with?
To change to achieve greater effectiveness
How can OD be defined? (På ett ungefär)
OD is a system-wide process of applying behavioral-science knowledge to the planned change and development of strategies, design components, and processes that enable organizations to be effective
Is OD a system-wide process or not?
It is a system-wide process
It addresses an entire system, such as a team, department, or total organization
Also relationships between a system and its environment is included
How are organizations seen as in OD?
As open systems with multiple levels and interrelated parts that exist in the context of a larger environment
Change in one part affect other levels
Is change treated like a process, a discrete event or end state in OD?
OD treats change as a process
OD involves both planned change and development of the organization itself. What is meant by planned change on one hand, and development on the other?
Planned change include processes and techniques for helping organizations implement particular changes.
Development is concerned with improving organizations’ capacity for problem-solving and improvement.
Which three key aspects is OD focused on changing and improving?
(+ improving organization effectiveness)
Strategies, design components, and processes
What kind of psychology is OD drawn on? (In order to understand human behavior in organizations)
Humanistic psychology (a positive view of human behavior)
OD draws mainly on three psychological theories to help organizations understand and improve motivation, which three?
1) Need theory
2) Job characteristics model
3) Expectancy theory
What is Need theory?
An approach explaining motivation in terms of satisfying people’s needs
What is job characteristics model?
Theory of motivation focusing on the jobs that members perform (like responsibility, meaningfullness of work, and results)
What is Expectancy theory?
Explains motivation in terms of choices that members make about how much effort they will expend on performing organizational tasks (What is the consequences of their effort?)
Mention some causes for the resistance to change
Structural inertia, work habits, fear of the unknown, powerful interests, and members’ security needs
To understand the evolution of OD practice requires knowledge of three approaches to change, which?
Lewin’s three steps
Action research
Action learning
