Topic 1 - Key concepts in biology

Question 1

What is the difference between an organelle and an organ?

Answer 1

An organelle is a structure within a cell that performs a specific function. An organ is a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function in the body.

Question 2

Define the terms diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.

Answer 2

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. Active transport is the movement of particles against their concentration gradient, which requires energy.

Question 3

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure and lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and various organelles enclosed within membranes.

Question 4

What is meant by the term homeostasis?

Answer 4

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment in response to changes in the external environment or internal conditions.

Question 5

Define the term metabolism.

Answer 5

Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in an organism to maintain life and carry out its functions.