Topic 1 Notes Flashcards
(30 cards)
Observation
When something is learned about your environment from using one or more of your 5 senses.
sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste
Inference
A logical conclusion that is made based on the information that you have from your observation
Prediction
something that might occur in the future based on your observations or prior knowledge
Most observations in science involve…
measurements
Instruments
increase the powers of observation by extending the human senses. EXAMPLE: ruler, scale, etc…
Mass
the amount, or quantity, of matter in an object never changes
Volume
the amount of space an object or substance occupies
Classification
organizing your observations into similar groups could
help you better understand them
Quantitative observations
have to do with things that can be precisely measured. You are being asked to give a number.
Example: There are seven marbles on the table.
They have a diameter of 1.5 centimeters
Qualitative observations
would be one describing the quality of a thing (e.g. round, blue, hot) without expressing numerical values.
Example: There are a bunch of marbles on the table. They are blue in color, round in shape, and smooth to the touch
Weight
a measure of the force of gravity on a body can change due to gravity
Matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Deprived Units
two units combined to make one unit
example: mph, g/mL
Event
any change or series of changes in the environment
a) can be instantaneous (ex: lightning)
b) can take place gradually over time (ex: movement of tectonic plates)
Frames of Reference definition
When or where an event takes place
Types of Frames of Reference
time- refers to the time of an event
(ex: “There will be rain at 6 pm)
space- Refers to location of event
(ex: “There will be rain in NY”)
Rate of Change
how much of a change takes place within a given amount of time
ex: phases of the moon, how did temperature change from 6am-3pm, erosion of the Grand Canyon
graphs are..
common ways to represent change
a) helps interpret/organize data
b) shows how one factor is changing with respect to another
c) shows the trend in the data
Cyclic changes
an orderly series of events that repeat at regular intervals
ex: phases of the moon, day and night, the seasons, sunspots
interpolate
to estimate a value within an interval between two known values
extrapolate
extending the line beyond the range of your actual data
energy
capability to do work
potential energy
energy of positions, stored energy
kinetic energy
energy of motion
