Topic 1- Ownership and Control of the Media Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is ‘Traditional Media’?
-Refers to mass media that communicated non-interactive messages to large audiences.
What is an example of ‘Traditional Media’?
-Tv Channels
-Radio Stations
-Newspapers
What is the ‘New Media’?
-Interactive and screen based
-Integration of sound, text and images
What is an example of the ‘New Media’?
-Social media sites
-Streaming of video and audio files
-Computer games
-User generated media content
What is media a form of?
-Secondary socialization
How many minutes did the average person spend a day watching television in 2022?
-158 minutes
What are the 5 formal controls of the media?
1) The Law
2) Ofcom (office of communications)
3) BBC
4) Independent broadcasting
5) ISPO (independent press standard organization)
How does the law control the media?
Restricts the medias freedom to report what th4ey choose
What is an example of how the law controls media?
The Racial and Religious hatred act and the Equality act that forbid expression of opinions which express discrimination against people because of race and religion
What is Ofcom’s main aim?
ensure that there is a wide range of TV, radio and electronic media available, whilst protecting the public from any harmful effects of media
How does the BBC control the media?
Governed by BBC that represents licensing playing audiences, which is financed by the state
What is Independent Broadcasting?
Includes non-BBC and regulates by Ofcom
What is ISPO?
Independent regulator for newspaper and magazine industry in the UK, it is a voluntary organization, set up by the newspaper industry. they regulate and deal with complaints about content of newspapers that breech acceptable standards
Levenson Enquiry?
Involved hacking of mobile phones, victims being many celebrities and just ordinary people. The public outcry led to a high-profile investigation. The inquiry proposed several changes, replacing PCC with an independent body
What are the six government influences on the media?
1) Official government press conferences
2) Leaks and off the record briefings
3) The use of government spin doctors
4) Refusal to issue broadcasting licenses to those who it deem unfit/ unsuitable
5) Refusal to allow some forms of computer software
6) Electronic surveillance of emails, monitoring of websites and intercepts of mobile calls
Who owns 80% of the media?
5 billionaires
What are the 8 features of media ownership?
1) Concentration of ownership
2) Vertical Integration
3) Horizontal integration or cross-media ownership
4) Global ownership
5) Conglomeration and diversification
6) Global conglomeration
7) Synergy
8) Technological Convergence
What is concentration of ownership?
Most of media is concentrated by a few large companies
What is Vertical Integration?
Concentration of ownership within a single medium
What is Horizontal integration of cross-media ownership?
Media owners have interests in a range of media
What is Global ownership?
Media ownership is international, owners have global media empires, with interests in many different countries in the world
What is Global Conglomeration?
Media companies operating in global markets producing many different media products
What is Conglomeration and Diversification?
Companies are often part of huge conglomerates (companies that have a diversity of interests in a wide range of products)
What is Synergy?
What happens when media companies produce and sell a product in a variety of forms
